What do you learn from a cookery-book? Something new, something that you did not know before, in every paragraph.

你又能从一本食谱里学到什么呢?从每一段你都能学到过去所不知道的某种新知识。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

But would you therefore put the wretched cookery-book on a higher level of estimation than the divine poem?

但是，你会因此就把一本微不足道的食谱看得比那部神圣的诗篇还高明吗

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

What you owe to Milton is not any knowledge, of which a million separate items are still but a million of advancing steps on the same earthly level

我们从弥尔顿那时学来的不是什么知识，因为即使有一百万条知识，也不过是在尘俗的地面上行走一百万次罢了。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

What you owe is power-that is , exercise and expansion to your own latent capacity of sympathy with the infinite

但弥尔顿给予我们的是力量--也就是说，运用自己潜在的感应能力，向着无限的领域扩张。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

Where every pulse and each separate influx is a step upward, a step ascending as upon a Jacob’s ladder from earth to mysterious altitudes above the earth.

在那时，脉搏的每一次跳动，力量的每一次汇集，都意味着上升一步，好似沿着雅各的天梯，从地面一步一步登上那奥秘莫测的苍穹。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

All the steps of knowledge, from first to last, carry you further on the same plane, but could never raise you one foot above your ancient level of earth

知识的步伐，从开始到终结，只能在同一水平面上将人往前运载，但却无法使人从原来的地面上提高上步。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

Whereas the very first step in power is a flight- is an ascending movement into another element where earth is forgotten.

然而，力量所迈出的第一步是飞跃，就是向另一种境界的超载--在那时，尘世的一切都会被忘却。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

Education is the acquisition of the art 0f the utilization of knowledge．

教育是获得运用知识的艺术。这门艺术非常不易传授。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

This is an art very,difficult to impart．Whenever a text-book is written of real educational worth,you may be quite certain that some reviewer will say that it will be difficult to teach from it．

即使是一本具有真正教育的教科书，可以断定，也会有书评家说它教起课来不容易使用。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

Of course it will be difficult to teach from it．If it were easy,the book ought to be burned;for it cannot be educational．

教起课来当然不容易使用。教起来不费功夫的书是没有意义的，只配烧掉，因为它根本没有教育价值。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

In education,as elsewhere,the broad primrose path leads to a nasty place．

教育就如同其他领域，宽阔的樱草路是通往绝境的。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

This evil path is represented by a book or a set of lectures which will practically enable the student to learn by heart all the questions likely to be asked at the next external examination．

这条害人之路就表现在一套书或讲义上面，凭借这些资料，学生往往简单背诵可能会在考试中出现的问题便了事。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

And I may say, in passing that no educational system is possible unless every question,directly asked of a pupil at any examination is either framed or modified by the actual teacher of that pupil in that subject…

我想提一下，这样的教育体制是没有任何出路的，否则就必须做到:允许授课的老师亲自去组织和修改考试中的问题，提问自己的学生……

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

We now return to my previous point, that theoretical ideas should always find important applications within the pupil’s curriculum．

我们再来讨论我们上面提出的观点，一定要把理论概念具体运用到学生的课程之中。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

This is not an easy doctrine to apply,but a very hard one．It contains within itself the problem of keeping knowledge alive,of preventing it from becoming inert,w}lich is the central problem of all education．

这条原则在具体运用中十分困难，因为它关系到教育的中心问题，必须不断地更新知识，使知识保持生命力，防止知识僵化。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

I appeal to you, as practical teachers. With good discipline, it is always possible to pump into the minds of a class a certain quantity of inert knowledge.

我呼吁那些奋斗在一线的教师要经受良好的训练。这样，把死板知识灌注到学生们的头脑当中是没问题的。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

You take a text-book and make them learn it. So far, so good. The child then knows how to solve a quadratic equation.

给学生一本书就让他们学，这样就万事大吉了。于是学生就会解二次方程了。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

But what is the point of teaching a child to solve a quadratic equation? There is a traditional answer to this question. It runs thus: The mind is an instrument, you first sharpen it, and then use it

但是教会他们去解二次方程的目的又何在呢?按照传统的问答就是:人的头脑就是工具，要想好好利用就必须先塑造它

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

The acquisition of the power of solving a quadratic equation is part of the process of sharpening the mind.

学习解二次方程就是塑造头脑这个工具的一部分。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝

Now there is just enough truth in this answer to have made it live through the ages.

这种观点也有道理，否则不会经历这么久远。

属类：文学表达-外国散文-书海拾贝