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(1). Desiring therefore to elaborate rules for the application of the provisions of GATT 1994 which relate to the use of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, in particular the provisions of Article XX(B)

因此期望对适用GATT1994关于使用卫生与植物卫生措施的规定,特别是第20条(B)项1的规定详述具体规则

(2). This Agreement applies to all sanitary and phytosanitary measures which may, directly or indirectly, affect international trade. Such measures shall be developed and applied in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

本协定适用于所有可能直接或间接影响国际贸易的卫生与植物卫生措施。此类措施应依照本协定的规定制定和适用。

(3). For the purposes of this Agreement, the definitions provided in Annex A shall apply. The annexes are an integral part of this Agreement.

就本协定而言,适用附件A中规定的定义。各附件为本协定的组成部分。

(4). Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the rights of Members under the Agreement on Technical barriers to Trade with respect to measures not within the scope of this Agreement.

对于不属于本协定范围的措施,本协定的任何规定不得影响各成员在《技术性贸易壁垒协定》项下的权利。

(5). Members,Reaffirming that no Member should be prevented from adopting or enforcing measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, subject to the requirement that these measures are not applied in a manner which would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between Members where the same conditions prevail or a disguised restriction on international trade

各成员，重申不应阻止各成员为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康而采用或实施必需的措施，但是这些措施的实施方式不得构成在情形相同的成员之间进行任意或不合理歧视的手段，或构成对国际贸易的变相限制

(6). Including the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the International Office of Epizootics, and the relevant international and regional organizations operating within the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention, without requiring Members to change their appropriate level of protection of human, animal or plant life or health

这些国际组织包括食品法典委员会、国际兽疫组织以及在《国际植物保护公约》范围内运作的有关国际和区域组织，但不要求各成员改变其对人类、动物或植物的生命或健康的适当保护水平

(7). Recognizing that developing country Members may encounter special difficulties in complying with the sanitary or phytosanitary measures of importing Members, and as a consequence in access to markets, and also in the formulation and application of sanitary or phytosanitary measures in their own territories, and desiring to assist them in their endeavours in this regard

认识到发展中国家成员在遵守进口成员的卫生与植物卫生措施方面可能遇到特殊困难，进而在市场准人及在其领土内制定和实施卫生与植物卫生措施方面也会遇到特殊困难，期望协助它们在这方面所做的努力

(8). Members shall ensure that any sanitary or phytosanitary measure is applied only to the extent necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, is based on scientific principles and is not maintained without sufficient scientific evidence, except as provided for in paragraph 7 of Article 5.

各成员应保证任何卫生与植物卫生措施仅在为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的限度内实施，并根据科学原理，如无充分的科学证据则不再维持，但第5条第7款规定的情况除外。

(9). Members shall ensure that their sanitary and phytosanitary measures do not arbitrarily or unjustifiably discriminate between Members where identical or similar conditions prevail, including between their own territory and that of other Members. Sanitary and phytosanitary measures shall not be applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on international trade.

各成员应保证其卫生与植物卫生措施不在情形相同或相似的成员之间，包括在成员自己领土和其他成员的领土之间构成任意或不合理的歧视。卫生与植物卫生措施的实施方式不得构成对国际贸易的交相限制。

(10). Sanitary or phytosanitary measures which conform to the relevant provisions of this Agreement shall be presumed to be in accordance with the obligations of the Members under the provisions of GATT 1994 which relate to the use of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, in particular the provisions of Article XX(b).

符合本协定有关条款规定的卫生与植物卫生措施应被视为符合各成员根据GATT1994有关使用卫生与植物卫生措施的规定所承担的义务，特别是第20条(b)项的规定。

(11). To harmonize sanitary and phytosanitary measures on as wide a basis as possible, Members shall base their sanitary or phytosanitary measures on international standards, guidelines or recommendations, where they exist, except as otherwise provided for in this Agreement, and in particular in paragraph 3.

为在尽可能广泛的基础上协调卫生与植物卫生措施;各成员的卫生与植物卫生措施应根据现有的国际标准、指南或建议制定，除非本协定、特别是第3款中另有规定。

(12). Sanitary or phytosanitary measures which conform to international standards, guidelines or recommendations shall be deemed to be necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, and presumed to be consistent with the relevant provisions of this Agreement and of GATT 1994.

符合国际标准、指南或建议的卫生与植物卫生措施应被视为为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的措施，并被视为与本协定和GATT1994的有关规定相一致。

(13). Members may introduce or maintain sanitary or phytosanitary measures which result in a higher level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection than would be achieved by measures based on the relevant international standards, guidelines or recommendations, if there is a scientific justification, or as a consequence of the level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection a Member determines to be appropriate in accordance with the relevant provisions of paragraphs 1 through 8 of Article 5.

如存在科学理由，或一成员依照第5条第1款至第8款的有关规定确定动植物卫生的保护水平是适当的，则各成员可采用或维持比根据有关国际标准、指南或建议制定的措施所可能达到的保护水平更高的卫生与植物卫生措施。

(14). Notwithstanding the above, all measures which result in a level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection different from that which would be achieved by measures based on international standards, guidelines or recommendations shall not be inconsistent with any other provision of this Agreement.

尽管有以上规定，但是所产生的卫生与植物卫生保护水平与根据国际标准、指南或建议制定的措施所实现的保护水平不同的措施。均不得与本协定中任何其他规定相抵触。

(15). Members shall play a full part, within the limits of their resources, in the relevant international organizations and their subsidiary bodies, in particular the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the International Office of Epizootics, and the international and regional organizations operating within the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention

各成员应在力所能及的范围内充分参与有关国际组织及其附属机构，特别是食品法典委员会，国际兽疫组织以及在《国际植物保护公约》范围内运作的有关国际和区域组织

(16). The Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures provided for in paragraphs 1 and 4 of Article 12 (referred to in this Agreement as the "Committee")shall develop a procedure to monitor the process of international harmonization and coordinate efforts in this regard with the relevant international organizations.

第12条第1款和第4款规定的卫生与植物卫生措施委员会(本协定中称“委员会”)应制定程序，以监控国际协调进程，并在这方面与有关国际组织协同努力。

(17). Desiring to improve the human health, animal health and phytosanitary situation in all Members;noting that sanitary and phytosanitary measures are often applied on the basis of bilateral agreements or protocols

期望改善各成员的人类健康、动物健康和植物卫生状况;注意到卫生与植物卫生措施通常以双边协议或议定书为基础实施

(18). Recognizing the important contribution that international standards, guidelines and recommendations can make in this regard

认识到国际标准、指南和建议可以在这方面作出重要贡献

(19). Desiring to further the use of harmonized sanitary and phytosanitary measures between Members, on the basis of international standards, guidelines and recommendations developed by the relevant international organizations

期望进一步推动各成员使用协调的、以有关国际组织制定的国际标准、指南和建议为基础的卫生与植物卫生措施

(20). If the exporting Member objectively demonstrates to the importing Member that its measures achieve the importing Member’s appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection. For this purpose, reasonable access shall be given, upon request, to the importing Member for inspection, testing and other relevant procedures.

即使这些措施不同于进口成员自己的措施，或不同于从事相同产品贸易的其他成员使用的措施，为此，应请求，应给予进口成员进行检查、检验及其他相关程序的合理机会。

(21). Members shall ensure that their sanitary or phytosanitary measures are based on an assessment, as appropriate to the circumstances, of the risks to human, animal or plant life or health, taking into account risk assessment techniques developed by the relevant international organizations.

各成员应保证其卫生与植物卫生措施的制定以对人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所进行的、适合有关情况的风险评估为基础，同时考虑有关国际组织制定的风险评估技术。

(22). The potential damage in terms of loss of production or sales in the event of the entry, establishment or spread of a pest or disease; the costs of control or eradication in the territory of the importing Member; and the relative cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches to limiting risks.

由于虫害或病害的传入、定居或传播造成生产或销售损失的潜在损害;在进口成员领土内控制或根除病虫害的费用;以及采用替代方法控制风险的相对成本效益。....(please sign in for more)

(23). Members shall cooperate in the Committee, in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 12, to develop guidelines to further the practical implementation of this provision. In developing the guidelines, the Committee shall take into account all relevant factors, including the exceptional character of human health risks to which people voluntarily expose themselves.

各成员应在委员会中进行合作，依照第12条第1款、第2款和第3款制定指南，以推动本规定的实际实施。委员会在制定指南时应考虑所有有关因素，包括人们自愿承受人身健康风险的例外特性。....(please sign in for more)

(24). Without prejudice to paragraph 2 of Article 3, when establishing or maintaining sanitary or phytosanitary measures to achieve the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, Members shall ensure that such measures are not more trade-restrictive than required to achieve their appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, taking into account technical and economic feasibility.

在不损害第3条第2款的情况下，在制定或维持卫生与植物卫生措施以实现适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平时，各成员应保证此类措施对贸易的限制不超过为达到适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平所要求的限度，同时考虑其技术和....(please sign in for more)

(25). In cases where relevant scientific evidence is insufficient, a Member may provisionally adopt sanitary or phytosanitary measures on the basis of available pertinent information, including that from the relevant international organizations as well as from sanitary or phytosanitary measures applied by other Members.

在有关科学证据不充分的情况下，一成员可根据可获得的有关信息，包括来自有关国际组织以及其他成员实施的卫生与植物卫生措施的信息，临时采用卫生与植物卫生措施。....(please sign in for more)

(26). When a Member has reason to believe that a specific sanitary or phytosanitary measure introduced or maintained by another Member is constraining, or has the potential to constrain, its exports and the measure is not based on the relevant international standards, guidelines or recommendations, or such standards, guidelines or recommendations do not exist

如一成员有理由认为另一成员采用或维持的特定卫生与植物卫生措施正在限制或可能限制其产品出口，且该措施不是根据有关国际标准、指南或建议制定的，或不存在此类标准、指南或建议....(please sign in for more)

(27). Members shall ensure that their sanitary or phytosanitary measures are adapted to the sanitary or phytosanitary characteristics of the area-whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries-from which the product originated and to which the product is destined.

各成员应保证其卫生与植物卫生措施适应产品的产地和目的地的卫生与植物卫生特点，无论该地区是一国的全部或部分地区，或几个国家的全部或部分地区。....(please sign in for more)

(28). In assessing the sanitary or phytosanitary characteristics of a region, Members shall take into account, inter alia, the level of prevalence of specific diseases or pests, the existence of eradication or control programmes, and appropriate criteria or guidelines which may be developed by the relevant international organizations.

在评估一地区的卫生与植物卫生特点时，各成员应特别考虑特定病害或虫害的流行程度，是否存在根除或控制计划以及有关国际组织可能制定的适当标准或指南。....(please sign in for more)

(29). Members shall, in particular, recognize the concepts of pest-or disease-free areas and areas of low pest or disease prevalence. Determination of such areas shall be based on factors such as geography, ecosystems, epidemiological surveillance, and the effectiveness of sanitary or phytosanitary controls.

各成员应特别认识到病虫害非疫区和低度流行区的概念，对这些地区的确定应根据地理、生态系统、流行病监测以及卫生与植物卫生控制的有效性等因素。....(please sign in for more)

(30). Exporting Members claiming that areas within their territories are pest-or disease-free areas or areas of low pest or disease prevalence shall provide the necessary evidence thereof in order to objectively demonstrate to the importing Member that such areas are, and are likely to remain, pest-or disease-free areas or areas of low pest or disease prevalence, respectively.

声明其领土内地区属病虫害非疫区或低度流行区的出口成员，应提供必要的证据，以便向进口成员客观地证明此类地区属、且有可能继续属病虫害非疫区或低度流行区。....(please sign in for more)

(31). Members shall observe the provisions of Annex C in the operation of control, inspection and approval procedures, including national systems for approving the use of additives or for establishing tolerances for contaminants in foods, beverages or feedstuffs, and otherwise ensure that their procedures are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.

各成员在实施控制、检查和批准程序时，包括关于批准食品、饮料或饲料中使用添加剂或确定污染物允许量的国家制度，应邀守附件C的规定，并在其他方面保证其程序与本协定规定不相抵触。....(please sign in for more)

(32). To promote within these organizations the development and periodic review of standards, guidelines and recommendations with respect to all aspects of sanitary and phytosanitary measures.

以促进在这些组织中制定和定期审议有关卫生与植物卫生措施所有方面的标准、指南和建议。....(please sign in for more)

(33). Members shall, upon request, enter into consultations with the aim of achieving bilateral and multilateral agreements on recognition of the equivalence of specified sanitary or phytosanitary measures.

应请求,各成员应进行磋商,以便就承认具体卫生与植物卫生措施的等效性问题达成双边和多边协定。....(please sign in for more)

(34). Assessment of Risk and Determination of the Appropriate Level of Sanitary or Phytosanitary Protection

风险评估和适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平的确定....(please sign in for more)

(35). In the assessment of risks, Members shall take into account available scientific evidence; relevant processes and production methods; relevant inspection, sampling and testing methods

在进行风险评估时,各成员应考虑可获得的科学证据:有关工序和生产方法;有关检查、抽样和检验方法....(please sign in for more)

(36). Including for the purpose of seeking technical expertise, training and equipment to allow such countries to adjust to, and comply with, sanitary or phytosanitary measures necessary to achieve the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection in their export markets.

为使此类国家适应并符合为实现其出日市场的适当卫生与植物卫生保护水平所必需的卫生与植物卫生措施而提供的培训和设备。....(please sign in for more)

(37). Where substantial investments are required in order for an exporting developing country Member to fulfill the sanitary or phytosanitary requirements of an importing Member, the latter shall consider providing such technical assistance as will permit the developing country Member to maintain and expand its market access opportunities for the product involved.

当发展中国家出口成员为满足进口成员的卫生与植物卫生要求而需要大量投资时，后者应考虑提供此类可使发展中国家成员维持和扩大所涉及的产品市场准入机会的技术援助。....(please sign in for more)

(38). Where the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection allows scope for the phased introduction of new sanitary or phytosanitary measures, longer time-frames for compliance should be accorded on products of interest to developing country Members so as to maintain opportunities for their exports.

如适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平有余地允许分阶段采用新的卫生与植物卫生措施，则应给予发展中国家成员有利害关系产品更长的时限以符合该措施，从而维持其出口机会。....(please sign in for more)

(39). With a view to ensuring that developing country Members are able to comply with the provisions of this Agreement, the Committee is enabled to grant to such countries, upon request, specified, time-limited exceptions in whole or in part from obligations under this Agreement, taking into account their financial, trade and development needs.

为保证发展中国家成员能够遵守本协定的规定，应请求，委员会有权，给予这些国家对于本协定项下全部或部分义务的特定的和有时限的例外，同时考虑其财政、贸易和发展需要。....(please sign in for more)

(40). Nothing in this Agreement shall impair the rights of Members under other international agreements, including the right to resort to the good offices or dispute settlement mechanisms of other international organizations or established under any international agreement.

本协定中的任何内容不得损害各成员在其他国际协定项下的权利，包括援用其他国际组织或根据任何国际协定设立的斡旋或争端解决机制的权利。....(please sign in for more)

(41). A Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures is hereby established to provide a regular forum for consultations. It shall carry out the functions necessary to implement the provisions of this Agreement and the furtherance of its objectives, in particular with respect to harmonization. The Committee shall reach its decisions by consensus.

特此设立卫生与植物卫生措施委员会，为磋商提供经常性场所。委员会应履行为实施本协定规定并促进其目标实现所必需的职能，特别是关于协调的目标。委员会应经协商一致作出决定。....(please sign in for more)

(42). The Committee shall encourage and facilitate ad hoc consultations or negotiations among Members on specific sanitary or phytosanitary issues. The Committee shall encourage the use of international standards, guidelines or recommendations by all Members and

委员会应鼓励和便利各成员之间就特定的卫生与植物卫生问题进行不定期的磋商或谈判。委员会应鼓励所有成员使用国际标准、指南和建议。....(please sign in for more)

(43). In this regard, shall sponsor technical consultation and study with the objective of increasing coordination and integration between international and national systems and approaches for approving the use of food additives or for establishing tolerances for contaminants in foods, beverages or feedstuffs.

在这方面，委员会应主办技术磋商和研究，以提高在批准使用食品添加剂或确定食品，饮料或饲料中污染物允许量的国际和国家制度或方法方面的协调性和一致性。....(please sign in for more)

(44). The Committee shall maintain close contact with the relevant international organizations in the field of sanitary and phytosanitary protection, especially with the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the International Office of Epizootics, and the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention

委员会应同卫生与植物卫生保护领域的有关国际组织，特别是食品法典委员会、国际兽疫组织和《国际植物保护公约》秘书处保持密切联系....(please sign in for more)

(45). For this purpose, the Committee should, in conjunction with the relevant international organizations, establish a list of international standards, guidelines or recommendations relating to sanitary or phytosanitary measures which the Committee determines to have a major trade impact.

为此，委员会应与有关国际组织一起，制定一份委员会认为对贸易有较大影响的与卫生与植物卫生措施有关的国际标准、指南或建议清单。....(please sign in for more)

(46). The list should include an indication by Members of those international standards, guidelines or recommendations which they apply as conditions for import or on the basis of which imported products conforming to these standards can enjoy access to their markets.

在该清单中各成员应说明那些被用作进口条件或在此基础上进口产品符合这些标准即可享有对其市场准入的国际标准、指南或建议。....(please sign in for more)

(47). For those cases in which a Member does not apply an international standard, guideline or recommendation as a condition for import, the Member should provide an indication of the reason therefore and, in particular, whether it considers that the standard is not stringent enough to provide the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection.

在一成员不将国际标准、指南或建议作为进口条件的情况下，该成员应说明其中的理由，特别是它是否认为该标准不够严格，而无法提供适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平....(please sign in for more)

(48). If a Member revises its position, following its indication of the use of a standard, guideline or recommendation as a condition for import, it should provide an explanation for its change and so inform the Secretariat as well as the relevant international organizations, unless such notification and explanation is given according to the procedures of Annex B.

如一成员在其说明标准、指南或建议的使用为进口条件后改变其立场，则该成员应对其立场的改变提供说明，井通知秘书处以及有关国际组织，除非此类通知和说明已根据附件B中的程序作出。....(please sign in for more)

(49). Prevalence of specific diseases or pests; existence of pest-or disease-free areas; relevant ecological and environmental conditions; and quarantine or other treatment.

特定病害或虫害的流行;病虫害非疫区的存在;有关生态和环境条件;以及检疫或其他处理方法。....(please sign in for more)

(50). Members should, when determining the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection, take into account the objective of minimizing negative trade effects.

各成员在确定适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平时,应考虑将对贸易的消极影响减少到最低程度的目标。....(please sign in for more)

(51). With the objective of achieving consistency in the application of the concept of appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection against risks to human life or health, or to animal and plant life or health

为实现在防止对人类生命或健康、动物和植物的生命或健康的风险方面运用适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平的概念的一致性....(please sign in for more)

(52). The Committee may, on the basis of an initiative from one of the Members, through appropriate channels invite the relevant international organizations or their subsidiary bodies to examine specific matters with respect to a particular standard, guideline or recommendation, including the basis of explanations for non-use given according to paragraph 4.

委员会可根据一成员的倡议，通过适当渠道邀请有关国际组织或其附属机构审查有关特定标准、指南或建议的具体问题，包括根据第4款对不使用所作说明的依据。....(please sign in for more)

(53). Members are fully responsible under this Agreement for the observance of all obligations set forth herein. Members shall formulate and implement positive measures and mechanisms in support of the observance of the provisions of this Agreement by other than central government bodies.

各成员对在本协定项下遵守其中所列所有义务负有全责。各成员应制定和实施积极的措施和机制，以支持中央政府机构以外的机构遵守本协定的规定。....(please sign in for more)

(54). Members shall take such reasonable measures as may be available to them to ensure that non-governmental entities within their territories, as well as regional bodies in which relevant entities within their territories are members, comply with the relevant provisions of this Agreement.

各成员应采取所能采取的合理措施，以保证其领土内的非政府实体以及其领土内相关实体为其成员的区域机构，符合本协定的相关规定....(please sign in for more)

(55). In addition, Members shall not take measures which have the effect of, directly or indirectly, requiring or encouraging such regional or non-governmental entities, or local governmental bodies, to act in a manner inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.

此外，各成员不得采取其效果具有直接或间接要求或鼓励此类区域或非政府实体、或地方政府机构以与本协定规定不一致的方式行事作用的措施。....(please sign in for more)

(56). The least-developed country Members may delay application of the provisions of this Agreement for a period of five years following the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to their sanitary or phytosanitary measures affecting importation or imported products.

对于最不发达国家成员影响进口或进口产品的卫生与植物卫生措施，这些国家可自《WTO协定》生效之日起推迟5年实施本协定的规定。....(please sign in for more)

(57). Other developing country Members may delay application of the provisions of this Agreement, other than paragraph 8 of Article 5 and Article 7, for two years following the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to their existing sanitary or phytosanitary measures affecting importation or imported products, where such application is prevented by a lack of technical expertise, technical infrastructure or resources.

对于其他发展中国家成员影响进口或进口产品的现有卫生与植物卫生措施，如由于缺乏技术专长、技术基础设施或资源而妨碍实施。则这些国家可自《WTO协定》生效之日起推迟2年实施本协定的规定，但第5条第8款和第7....(please sign in for more)

(58). Sanitary or phytosanitary measure-Any measure applied:to protect animal or plant life or health within the territory of the Member from risks arising from the entry, establishment or spread of pests, diseases, disease-carrying organisms or disease-causing organisms

卫生与植物卫生措施--用于下列目的的任何措施:保护成员领土内的动物或植物的生命或健康免受虫害、病害、带病有机体或致病有机体的传入、定居或传播所产生的风险....(please sign in for more)

(59). Quarantine treatments including relevant requirements associated with the transport of animals or plants, or with the materials necessary for their survival during transport; provisions on relevant statistical methods, sampling procedures and methods of risk assessment; and packaging and labelling requirements directly related to food safety.

检疫处理，包括与动物或植物运输有关的或与在运输过程中为维持植物生存所需物质有关的要求;有关统计方法、抽样程序和风险评估方法的规定;以及与粮食安全直接有关的包装和标签要求。....(please sign in for more)

(60). For food safety, the standards, guidelines and recommendations established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission relating to food additives, veterinary drug and pesticide residues, contaminants, methods of analysis and sampling, and codes and guidelines of hygienic practice

对于粮食安全，指食品法典委员会制定的与食品添加剂、兽药和除虫剂残余物、污染物、分析和抽样方法有关的标准、指南和建议，及卫生惯例的守则和指南....(please sign in for more)

(61). For plant health, the international standards, guidelines and recommendations developed under the auspices of the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention in cooperation with regional organizations operating within the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention

对于植物健康，指在《国际植物保护公约》秘书处主持下与在《国际植物保护公约》范围内运作的区域组织合作制定的国际标准、指南和建议....(please sign in for more)

(62). Risk assessment-The evaluation of the likelihood of entry, establishment or spread of a pest or disease within the territory of an importing Member according to the sanitary or phytosanitary measures which might be applied, and of the associated potential biological and economic consequences

风险评估--根据可能适用的卫生与植物卫生措施评价虫害或病害在进口成员领土内传入、定居或传播的可能性，及评价相关潜在的生物学后果和经济后果....(please sign in for more)

(63). Area of low pest or disease prevalence-An area, whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries, as identified by the competent authorities, in which a specific pest or disease occurs at low levels and which is subject to effective surveillance, control or eradication measures.

病虫害低度流行区--由主管机关确认的特定虫害或病害发生水平低、且己采取有效监测、控制或根除措施的地区，该地区可以是一国的全部或部分地区，也可以是几个国家的全部或部分地区。....(please sign in for more)

(64). Except in urgent circumstances, Members shall allow a reasonable interval between the publication of a sanitary or phytosanitary regulation and its entry into force in order to allow time for producers in exporting Members, and particularly in developing country Members, to adapt their products and methods of production to the requirements of the importing Member.

除紧急情况外，各成员应在卫生与植物卫生法规的公布和生效之间留出合理时间间隔，使出口成员、特别是发展中国家成员的生产者有时间使其产品和生产方法适应进口成员的要求。....(please sign in for more)

(65). An explanation of the reasons for such sanitary or phytosanitary measure may be requested and shall be provided by the Member maintaining the measure.

则可请求说明此类卫生与植物卫生措施的理由,维持该措施的成员应提供此种说明。....(please sign in for more)

(66). Adaptation to Regional Conditions, Including Pest-or Disease-Free Areas and Areas of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence

适应地区条件,包括适应病虫害非疫区和低度流行区的条件....(please sign in for more)

(67). For this purpose, reasonable access shall be given, upon request, to the importing Member for inspection, testing and other relevant procedures.

为此,应请求,应使进口成员获得进行检查、检验及其他有关程序的合理机会。....(please sign in for more)

(68). Members shall notify changes in their sanitary or phytosanitary measures and shall provide information on their sanitary or phytosanitary measures in accordance with the provisions of Annex B.

各成员应依照附件B的规定通知其卫生与植物卫生措施的变更,并提供有关其卫生与植物卫生措施的信息。....(please sign in for more)

(69). The membership and participation of the Member, or of relevant bodies within its territory, in international and regional sanitary and phytosanitary organizations and systems, as well as in bilateral and multilateral agreements and arrangements within the scope of this Agreement, and the texts of such agreements and arrangements.

成员或其领土内相关机构在国际和区域卫生与植物卫生组织和体系内，及在本协定范围内的双边和多边协定和安排中的成员资格和参与情况，及此类协定和安排的文本。....(please sign in for more)

(70). Whenever an international standard, guideline or recommendation does not exist or the content of a proposed sanitary or phytosanitary regulation is not substantially the same as the content of an international standard, guideline or recommendation, and if the regulation may have a significant effect on trade of other Members, Members shall

只要国际标准、指南或建议不存在或拟议的卫生与植物卫生法规的内容与国际标准、指南或建议的内容实质上不同，且如果该法规对其他成员的贸易有重大影响，则各成员即应....(please sign in for more)

(71). Notify other Members, through the Secretariat, of the products to be covered by the regulation together with a brief indication of the objective and rationale of the proposed regulation. Such notifications shall take place at an early stage, when amendments can still be introduced and comments taken into account

通过秘书处通知其他成员法规所涵盖的产品，并对拟议法规的目的和理由作出简要说明。此类通知应在仍可进行修正和考虑提出的意见时提早作出....(please sign in for more)

(72). Members shall ensure, with respect to any procedure to check and ensure the fulfilment of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, that: such procedures are undertaken and completed without undue delay and in no less favourable manner for imported products than for like domestic products

对于检查和保证实施卫生与植物卫生措施的任何程序，各成员应保证:此类程序的实施和完成不受到不适当的迟延，且对进口产品实施的方式不严于国内同类产品....(please sign in for more)

(73). The standard processing period of each procedure is published or that the anticipated processing period is communicated to the applicant upon request; when receiving an application, the competent body promptly examines the completeness of the documentation and informs the applicant in a precise and complete manner of all deficiencies

公布每一程序的标准处理期限，或应请求，告知申请人预期的处理期限;主管机构在接到申请后迅速审查文件是否齐全;并以准确和完整的方式通知申请人所有不足之处....(please sign in for more)

(74). The confidentiality of information about imported products arising from or supplied in connection with control, inspection and approval is respected in a way no less favourable than for domestic products and in such a manner that legitimate commercial interests are protected

在控制、检查和批准过程中产生的或提供的有关进口产品的信息，其机密性受到不低于本国产品的遵守，并使合法商业利益得到保护....(please sign in for more)

(75). Whenever specifications of a product are changed subsequent to its control and inspection in light of the applicable regulations, the procedure for the modified product is limited to what is necessary to determine whether adequate confidence exists that the product still meets the regulations concerned

只要由于根据适用的法规进行控制和检查而改变产品规格，则对改变规格产品实施的程序仅限于为确定是否有足够的信心相信该产品仍符合有关规定所必需的限度....(please sign in for more)

(76). Where an importing Member operates a system for the approval of the use of food additives or for the establishment of tolerances for contaminants in food, beverages or feedstuffs which prohibits or restricts access to its domestic markets for products based on the absence of an approval, the importing Member shall consider the use of a relevant international standard as the basis for access until a final determination is made.

如一进口成员实行批准使用食品添加剂或制定食品、饮料或饲料中污染物允许量的制度，以禁止或限制未获批准的产品进入其国内市场，则进口成员应考虑使用有关国际标准作为进入市场的依据，直到作出最后确定为止。....(please sign in for more)

(77). Desiring the establishment of a multilateral framework of rules and disciplines to guide the development, adoption and enforcement of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in order to minimize their negative effects on trade

期望有关建立规则和纪律的多边框架,以指导卫生与植物卫生措施的制定、采用和实施,从而将其对贸易的消极影响减少到最低程度....(please sign in for more)

(78). Members have the right to take sanitary and phytosanitary measures necessary for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.

各成员有权采取为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必需的卫生与植物卫生措施,只要此类措施与本协定的规定不相抵触。....(please sign in for more)

(79). Members shall accept the sanitary or phytosanitary measures of other Members as equivalent, even if these measures differ from their own or from those used by other Members trading in the same product

如出口成员客观地向进口成员证明其卫生与植物卫生措施达到进口成员适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平,则各成员应将其他成员的措施作为等效措施予以接受....(please sign in for more)

(80). In assessing the risk to animal or plant life or health and determining the measure to be applied for achieving the appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection from such risk, Members shall take into account as relevant economic factors

各成员在评估对动物或植物的生命或健康构成的风险并确定为实现适当的卫生与植物卫生保护水平以防止此类风险所采取的措施时,应考虑下列有关经济因素....(please sign in for more)

(81). Each Member shall avoid arbitrary or unjustifiable distinctions in the levels it considers to be appropriate in different situations, if such distinctions result in discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade.

每一成员应避免其认为适当的保护水平在不同的情况下存在任意或不合理的差异,如此类差异造成对国际贸易的歧视或变相限制。....(please sign in for more)

(82). In such circumstances, Members shall seek to obtain the additional information necessary for a more objective assessment of risk and review the sanitary or phytosanitary measure accordingly within a reasonable period of time.

在此种情况下,各成员应寻求获得更加客观地进行风险评估所必需的额外信息,并在合理期限内据此审议卫生与植物卫生措施。....(please sign in for more)

(83). Such assistance may be, inter alia, in the areas of processing technologies, research and infrastructure, including in the establishment of national regulatory bodies, and may take the form of advice, credits, donations and grants

此类援助可特别针对加工技术、研究和基础设施等领域,包括建立国家管理机构,并可采取咨询、信贷、捐赠和赠予等方式,包括为寻求技术专长的目的....(please sign in for more)

(84). In the preparation and application of sanitary or phytosanitary measures, Members shall take account of the special needs of developing country Members, and in particular of the least-developed country Members.

在制定和实施卫生与植物卫生措施时,各成员应考虑发展中国家成员。特别是最不发达国家成员的特殊需要。....(please sign in for more)

(85). Members should encourage and facilitate the active participation of developing country Members in the relevant international organizations.

各成员应鼓励和便利发展中国家成员积极参与有关国际组织。....(please sign in for more)

(86). The provisions of Articles XXII and XXIII of GATT 1994 as elaborated and applied by the Dispute Settlement Understanding shall apply to consultations and the settlement of disputes under this Agreement, except as otherwise specifically provided herein.

由《争端解决谅解》详述和适用的GATT1994第22条和第23条的规定适用于本协定项下的磋商和争端解决,除非本协定另有具体规定。....(please sign in for more)

(87). In a dispute under this Agreement involving scientific or technical issues, a panel should seek advice from experts chosen by the panel in consultation with the parties to the dispute.

在本协定项下涉及科学或技术问题的争端中,专家组应寻求专家组与争端各方磋商后选定的专家的意见。....(please sign in for more)

(88). To this end, the panel may, when it deems it appropriate, establish an advisory technical experts group, or consult the relevant international organizations, at the request of either party to the dispute or on its own initiative.

为此,在主动或应争端双方中任何一方请求下,专家组在其认为适当时,可设立一技术专家咨询小组,或咨询有关国际组织。....(please sign in for more)

(89). With the objective of securing the best available scientific and technical advice for the administration of this Agreement and in order to ensure that unnecessary duplication of effort is avoided.

以获得用于管理本协定的可获得的最佳科学和技术意见。并保证避免不必要的重复工作。....(please sign in for more)

(90). The Committee shall review the operation and implementation of this Agreement three years after the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement, and thereafter as the need arises.

委员会应在《WTO协定》生效之日后3年后,井在此后有需要时,对本协定的运用和实施情况进行审议。....(please sign in for more)

(91). Where appropriate, the Committee may submit to the Council for Trade in Goods proposals to amend the text of this Agreement having regard, inter alia, to the experience gained in its implementation.

在适当时,委员会应特别考虑在本协定实施过程中所获得的经验,向货物贸易理事会提交修正本协定文本的建议。....(please sign in for more)

(92). Members shall ensure that they rely on the services of non-governmental entities for implementing sanitary or phytosanitary measures only if these entities comply with the provisions of this Agreement.

各成员应保证只有在非政府实体遵守本协定规定的前提下,方可依靠这些实体提供的服务实施卫生与植物卫生措施。....(please sign in for more)

(93). To protect human or animal life or health within the territory of the Member from risks arising from additives, contaminants, toxins or disease-causing organisms in foods, beverages or feedstuffs

保护成员领土内的人类或动物的生命或健康免受食品、饮料或饲料中的添加剂、污染物、毒素或致病有机体所产生的风险。....(please sign in for more)

(94). To protect human life or health within the territory of the Member from risks arising from diseases carried by animals, plants or products thereof, or from the entry, establishment or spread of pests

保护成员领土内的人类的生命或健康免受动物、植物或动植物产品携带的病害,或虫害的传入、定居或传播所产主的风险....(please sign in for more)

(95). To prevent or limit other damage within the territory of the Member from the entry, establishment or spread of pests.

防止或控制成员领土内因虫害的传入、定居或传播所产生的其他损害。....(please sign in for more)

(96). Sanitary or phytosanitary measures include all relevant laws, decrees, regulations, requirements and procedures including, inter alia, end product criteria; processes and production methods; testing, inspection, certification and approval procedures

卫生与植物卫生措施包括所有相关法律、法令、法规、要求和程序,特别包括:最终产品标准;工序和生产方法;检验、检查、认证和批准准程序....(please sign in for more)

(97). Harmonization-The establishment, recognition and application of common sanitary and phytosanitary measures by different Members.

协调--不同成员制定、承认和实施共同的卫生与植物卫生措施。....(please sign in for more)

(98). For animal health and zoonoses, the standards, guidelines and recommendations developed under the auspices of the International Office of Epizootics

对于动物健康和寄生虫病,指国际兽疫组织主持制定的标准指南和建议....(please sign in for more)

(99). For matters not covered by the above organizations, appropriate standards, guidelines and recommendations promulgated by other relevant international organizations open for membership to all Members, as identified by the Committee.

对于上述组织未涵盖的事项,指经委员会确认的、由其成员资格向所有WTO成员开放的其他有关国际组织公布的有关标准。指南和建议。....(please sign in for more)

(100). Or the evaluation of the potential for adverse effects on human or animal health arising from the presence of additives, contaminants, toxins or disease-causing organisms in food, beverages or feedstuffs.

或评价食品、饮料或饲料中存在的添加剂、污染物、毒素或致病有机体对人类或动物的健康所产生的潜在不利影响。....(please sign in for more)