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汤姆叔叔的小屋|Uncle Tom’s Cabin

第01章　给读者介绍一位好心人

属类： 双语小说 【分类】双语小说 -[作者: 比彻·斯托夫人] 阅读：[1203]
CHAPTER I In Which the Reader Is Introduced to a Man of Humanity
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二月的某一天，天气依然比较寒冷。黄昏时分，在P城一间布置典雅兼作餐厅的接待室里，两位绅士相对而坐，喝着酒。他们没有要仆人在旁边侍候。他们紧挨着坐着，好像在商量什么很重要的事情。

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为了便于读者阅读，我们暂且称他们“绅士”。其实，如果我们挑剔地观察一下就可看出，其中一位看来不配称为“绅士”。他身材矮小，长相并无独特之处，但神态却是洋洋自得，一看便知他是那种混迹于社会、想方设法向高处爬的势利小人。他的衣服穿着有失风度，一件俗气的杂色背心，一条醒目的黄点蓝底围巾，脖子上是一条色彩艳丽的领带。他的这身打扮与他的派头看来还比较相配。他粗大的手指上套着几枚戒指，一串形状奇特、色彩艳丽的图章缀在那沉沉的表链上。当谈话进行得顺利时，他喜欢把表链弄得叮叮当当地响，俨然一副踌躇满志的神态。他的话语丝毫不符合默里氏语法规则，从他的嘴里经常冒出一些下流、猥陋的单词。尽管作者努力让自己的叙述更加形象，但还是难以正确地转述他的意思。

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相反，与他谈话的希尔比先生倒不失绅士风度。室内的摆设和情调都向我们证明这个家庭的生活殷实而且非常安逸。而现在这两个人正在认真地商讨着某件事情。

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“我想这件事就这么办吧。”希尔比先生说。

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“希尔比先生，这样成交，我实在难以答应。”对方一面回答，一面举起酒杯，对着客厅的灯看着。

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“嘿，赫利，汤姆不是普通的奴隶，不管把他摆在哪儿，他都值这么高的价。他做事稳重，为人诚实，又能干，他把我的农场管理得井井有条。”

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“汤姆的诚实是黑人式的诚实吧？”赫利一面给自己斟了一杯白兰地，一面问道。

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“我所指的诚实是真正的诚实。汤姆为人善良，做事稳重，头脑也很灵活，而且他还笃信上帝。四年前的一次野营布道会上，他宣誓入教。我相信他对上帝是虔诚的。从他入教以后，我把自己的一切，包括钱、房子、马匹都交给他来管理。我觉得他做任何事情都很在行。”

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“但人们不相信黑奴会对上帝真正地虔诚，希尔比先生！”赫利肆无忌惮地挥着手说，“不过我相信。今年，在我最后送往奥尔良的那批黑奴中就有一位虔诚的黑奴。你还别说，听这黑鬼祷告，还真像他真的在布道会上呢。他性情温和，话不多，但因为卖主急于卖掉他，所以我捡了个便宜货，从他身上我净赚六百美元，那可是一大笔钱啊。是啊，那些笃信上帝的黑奴能使我们多赚一些钱。当然，冒牌的信教者是不会给我们带来很多利润的。”

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“汤姆是真正的基督徒，他和别的教徒对上帝同样虔诚。”希尔比先生说，“我去年秋天派他独自一人去辛辛那提办事，为了取回价值五百美元的一笔巨款。我对他说，‘汤姆，因为我知道你笃信上帝，所以我认为你不会乘机逃跑的，我信任你。’汤姆果真没有失信，我知道他会准时返回的。后来我听说曾有些卑污小人对他说，‘汤姆，你为什么不乘机逃到加拿大呢？’‘我不能失信于我的主人。’这件事情是我事后听别人说的。我必须使你明白，我真得舍不得汤姆。你应该让他抵掉我的所有债务，如果你还有一点善良之心的话。”

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“我拥有买卖人所具有的起码的良心。这够我发誓的了，”奴隶贩子开着玩笑说，“不过，我会为朋友做力所能及的一切。但你要知道，现在的生意不好做啊！”奴隶贩子故作无奈地叹了口气，又向杯中倒了一些酒。

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“赫利，到底怎样你才能答应成交呢？”经过一段令人难以忍受的沉默后，希尔比先生问道。

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“难道你不能再添上一个男孩或女孩吗？”

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“嗯！我真的拿不出什么来了。如果不是情势所逼的话，我不会舍得卖掉任何一个奴隶的。”

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正在这时，门打开了，一个大约四五岁，俊俏、招人喜欢的男孩走了进来；一对浅浅的酒窝嵌在他圆润的面庞上，一头丝线样的黑发卷卷地爬在他的头上；浓长的眼睫毛下，一双炯炯的大眼睛好奇地朝屋内打量着；他穿着一件鲜艳的红黄格罩衫，更加衬托出他那黝黑、清纯的美，一分惹人的自信，几分腼腆的神态，无不向人表明主人对他的恩宠以及他对主人恩宠的熟稔。

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“嗨，吉姆-克罗，”希尔比先生吹着口哨扔给孩子一把葡萄干，“捡起它们来吧！”

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孩子跑来跑去拾取主人的赏赐，他的样子惹得主人大笑起来。

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“过来，吉姆。”希尔比先生喊道。吉姆走了过去，希尔比先生轻轻拍打着他满头的卷发，并轻抚着他的下巴。

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“吉姆，让这位先生欣赏一下你的技艺，来吧，唱支歌，跳个舞。”于是，孩子便唱了一首在黑人中颇为流行的歌曲，曲风很热烈、欢快。他的嗓音清脆、圆润，他的手脚和身体都在扭动着，动作和歌曲的节拍完美地结合在一起，不时做出一些滑稽的姿势。

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“太好了！”赫利扔给孩子几瓣桔子。

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“吉姆，你学一学库乔大叔患风湿病时走路的姿势。”希尔比先生吩咐小孩子道。

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刚才还很灵活的孩子的四肢马上显出了病残的样子。他弯着腰，拿着主人的拐杖，以不灵便的步伐在房间里艰难地挪动着。他拉长自己的脸，学着老者的样子，使那张本来稚气的小脸布满皱纹和愁容，并且不时胡乱吐着痰。

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两位绅士禁不住被逗得大声笑了起来。

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“吉姆，再让我们看一看老罗宾斯长老唱赞美诗的样子吧。”希尔比先生喊道。于是孩子把小脸拉得更长了，以便显出令人敬畏的样子，然后以平静、低稳的鼻音唱起赞美诗来。

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“我看就这样吧，”赫利突然拍打着希尔比的肩膀说，“再加上这个小精灵鬼儿，你的债就算还清了。我说话算数。这样难道不公平吗？”

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正在此时，门被轻轻地推开了，一位大约二十五岁的第二代混血女子走了进来。

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这个女子一看就是那孩子的母亲。她的黑眼睛同样地柔和，长长的睫毛，纤细的卷发似波浪般起伏。当她发现一个陌生人如此大胆且毫不掩饰地以一种赞赏的目光盯着她看时，她那棕黄色的面庞上泛起了一朵红晕。她整洁、合体的衣着更加衬托出身段的苗条，她那纤纤细手以及漂亮圆润的脚髁使她的外表更加端庄。奴隶贩子以敏锐的眼睛贪婪地观察着，女黑奴那娇美的身体的主要部分被看得一清二楚，没能逃过奴隶贩子的眼睛。

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“艾莉查，有事吗？”看着她欲言又止的样子，希尔比先生问道。

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“对不起，先生，我在找哈里。”孩子看到母亲，便活蹦乱跳地跑到母亲面前，并拿出衣兜中的战利品向母亲炫耀着。

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“那你就带他走吧。”希尔比先生说。女奴抱起孩子，匆匆忙忙走了出去。

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“老天！真是好货色，”奴隶贩子向希尔比称赞道，“随便你什么时间将这个女人送到奥尔良，都会赚一大笔钱。我见过有个人花一千多块买了一个女奴，但那女奴的姿色可是不能和这个女人相媲美的。”

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“我可不想靠她来发财。”希尔比冷冷地回答道。他又打开一瓶酒，岔开了话题，并问对方对酒的评价。

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“味道很好，希尔比先生，酒是上等的酒！”奴隶贩子称赞道，然后转过身来像熟人似地拍着希尔比的肩又说，“哎，把那女奴隶卖给我行吗？我出什么价你能接受？你要价多少？”

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“赫利先生，我不会卖掉她的，”希尔比先生说，“即使你付与她同样重的金子，我妻子也不会答应让她走的。”

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“哎，女人总是这样小家子气，因为她们算不清帐。如果你告诉她们，那么重的金子能买多少块钟表，多少个小饰物，她们就会改变主意，不再那样说了。”

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“赫利，我说不行，就是不行。你不要再提这件事了。”希尔比先生语气坚定地说。

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“好吧，但你要把那个男孩给我，你知道，即使添上那小孩，我也是作了很大的让步。”

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“你要那小孩干什么？”希尔比先生问道。

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“噢，今年我的一位朋友在做这方面的生意，他想买一批长相俊美，货色好的小男孩，养大后再送到市场上卖，给那些肯出大价钱的老爷们做侍者什么的。这些人家，用漂亮男孩开门、跑腿，可以增添极大的荣耀。所以漂亮男孩可以卖个好价钱。你家这个小精灵鬼儿懂音乐，又会玩，正是这方面的难得之材啊！”

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“我宁愿不卖他，我心肠软，我不想拆散他们母子二人。”希尔比先生考虑了一下说。

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“是这样吗？你的心肠确实比较软，我理解你的心情。跟女人们打交道有时确实有许多麻烦事。我也很讨厌哭泣时的悲伤场面。但先生请放心，我做生意时总是会进免这种悲伤场面出现的。我看就这样办吧！把这个女人支走一天，或者一周，其他的事情在人不知鬼不觉的情况下进行，她回来之前，我们把事情都办完。你觉得如何？至于那个女人，让你太太买只耳环，或一件新衣服，或其他一些小玩艺儿来作为补偿，不就行了吗？”

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“恐怕不会成功。”

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“上帝保佑你，我们会成功的。黑奴不像白人，只要你处理得当，事情过去后他们就会死心的。”说到这儿，赫利又假装推诚相见地说，“常言道，做奴隶买卖要心黑。但我觉得事情未必一定是这样的。我做这门生意的方法不同于其他人。我曾目睹一位同行从一个女奴的怀中抢走她的孩子并强行卖给别人，那女人从此一直疯疯癫癫，又哭又闹，这种做生意的方法是下下之选，把货物也给毁了，搞到最后有些女奴根本卖不出去了。有一次在奥尔良，我就亲眼目睹这种下下之选的方法毁掉了一位特别漂亮的少妇。买主只要她而不想要她的孩子，结果这把她给惹火了。告诉你呀，她死死抱住孩子，吵吵闹闹不肯罢休，那样子让人非常害怕。现在回想起这件事，我还心有余悸呢。她的孩子被抢走了，她自己也被锁起来，最后她被逼疯了，整天胡言乱语并在一个星期后死去了。那一千元等于打了水漂。希尔比先生，造成这种悲惨结果的原因不就是因为方法不得当嘛。根据我的经验，采用仁慈点的方法比较容易奏效。”说完这些，他便双手交叉于胸前靠在了椅背上，一副慈善的面孔，俨然自己就是第二个威尔伯福斯。

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这位绅士对道德问题似乎更感兴趣，因为当希尔比借剥桔子的时机考虑问题时，他故作迟疑，然后又旧话重提，好像有一股真理的力量驱使他不得不多说几句话似的。

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“吹嘘自己可不是一件光彩的事，但我所说的都是事实，经由我卖到市场上的一批又一批的黑奴，我认为都是上等货色，至少我听到别人是这样评价的。而且不止一次，成百上千次都是如此评价，一流的好货色——健壮、体面，但我为此付出的钱却是同行中最少的。之所以如此，我把这归功于经营有方。也可以说，先生，我经营这门生意的核心是富有人情味。”

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希尔比先生不知该说些什么，只好应道，“啊，是这样的！”

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“但我的经营之道一直为人所讥笑，还倍受责备。没有人附和我的主张，但我不会因此而改变我的经营之道的。先生，正是因为我的坚持，现在我终于凭借它而发了大财。是的，先生，黑暗终于过去了，光明已经到来。”奴隶贩子说到此时，不禁为自己的妙语大笑起来。

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这些关于人道和慈善的高论真有其独到之处，以至于希尔比先生也禁不住陪着奴隶贩子笑了起来。各位读者，读到此处，你或许也在发笑吧。当今世界，关于人道和慈善的高论层出不穷，慈善家们的奇谈怪论则更是数不胜数了。

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在希尔比先生的笑声的鼓励下，奴隶贩子又接着说了下去：

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“你说奇怪不奇怪，我很难让人接受我的观点。以前我有个合伙人叫汤姆-洛科，纳奇兹人，头脑灵活，很善于和黑人打交道，这一点符合做生意的原则，因为好心肠就不好赚钱。他做事情一贯如此。我常劝他说，‘哎，汤姆老兄，对那些因害怕而哭闹的女奴拳脚相向有什么作用呢？这样做只能证明你是个愚蠢的人。’我说，‘如果不让她们通过哭闹来作为发泄的方式，那她们会寻找其他方式的。而且，汤姆老兄，’我说，‘不让她们通过这种方式发泄，她们就会面容憔悴不堪，嘴巴会变得干裂，甚至会变得丑陋无比，那些黄皮肤的女人更是如此。这时再想让她们恢复过来可就不那么容易了，为什么不用好话来对付她们呢？’我说，‘听我的，对她们略施小惠取得的效果要比拳脚相向强多了，而且这样做可以多赚些钱，如果你照我所说的去做，你肯定会成功。’但汤姆还是榆木疙瘩一块。就这样，许多女人毁在了他的手中，虽然他心肠好，做事公道，但我只能和他分开来做生意了。”

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“你认为，你比汤姆更善于经营这门生意吗？”

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“嗯，你可以这样认为。做生意时，我都会尽量避免不愉快的场面发生的。比如我做小孩生意时，会把女人支走。女人看不到这种场面，就不会发生不愉快的事情。等到生米做成熟饭，她们也只好认命了。白人自儿时起受到的教育就是全家聚在一起，共享天伦之乐，但黑人却不比我们白人；你该知道受过一定教育的黑人不会存在这种共享天伦之乐的奢求，而这会让事情好办一些。”

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“但我家的黑奴可没有接受过这种教育。”希尔比先生说。

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“可不能这样说。你们肯塔基人太宠爱那些黑鬼了。你们这一片好心可不能算作是真正的慈善。在这个世界上，黑奴生下来就注定要四处漂泊，今天卖给汤姆老兄，明天会被卖给狄克老兄，后天不知道会被卖给哪位老兄呢，那时只有听天由命了。让他心中有思想和期望，或者很好地对待他，都不会对他有什么帮助，因为以后迎接他的将是更多的痛苦和磨难，你明白吗？我敢肯定，你家的黑奴即使到了那些令种植园的黑鬼发疯地唱歌和欢呼的地方，他们也不会感到高兴的，希尔比先生，你知道人们都喜欢自我夸耀。我已经够善待那些黑奴了，我已尽可能对他们好了。”

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“人们做任何事都能做到心安理得，也算有福了。”希尔比先生不以为然地耸耸肩说。

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双方沉默了片刻，心中在想着各自的心事，赫利接着问道，“你看这事怎么办呢？”

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“我还要好好考虑一下这件事，并要和太太商量一下，”希尔比先生说，“同时，赫利，如果你真想让事情如你想象中的那样悄悄进行的话，最好别向我的邻居透露一点风声，不然的话，这件事情会很快传到我的仆人耳中。我把丑话说在前面，如果仆人们知道了这件事，你就不会顺利地把人从我家带走了。”

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“好，一言为定，我不会走漏风声的。不过，我要提醒你尽早给我一个准信，因为我最近比较忙。”说完，赫利便起身穿上了大衣。

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“好吧，今晚六七点钟我给你回音。”听希尔比先生这样说，奴隶贩子向希尔比先生欠欠身告辞走了。

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“看看他那得意忘形的嘴脸，我真恨不得一脚把他踢到台阶下去。”看着门将要关上了，希尔比先生低声对自己说，“但他懂得落井下石的诀窍。如果以前有人劝我把汤姆卖给一个奴隶贩子，我肯定会告诉他们，‘难道仆人就可以像狗一样卖来卖去吗？’但我现在却对此无能为力，对艾莉查的孩子也是同样。我太太一定会唠叨个没完，她会反对我把汤姆卖掉的。但沉重的债务使我落到了这种境地，哎！这个混蛋家伙已是胜券在握，他正在不断向我逼近呢。”

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肯塔基州可能是最温和的带有奴隶制色彩的州了。在这里，农业劳动比较轻松，全然不似南方一些地区农忙时那样紧张得令人喘不过气来，所以黑人的劳动强度还是可以让人承受的。人的本性是脆弱的，因此当看到可以谋得暴利，同时只有依靠牺牲那些无依无靠的人的利益而别无选择时，人就会因脆弱的本性而生出一副狠毒的心肠。但肯塔基州的庄园主比较习惯渐进的经营方式，所以能抵抗这种人性的脆弱。

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只要到肯塔基州的一些庄园去走一走，看一看，你就会亲自体验到男女主人秉性的善良以及仆人们对主人的爱戴与拥护，俨然一幅传说中常出现的诗意盎然的家族社会的图画。但一层不祥的阴云——法律却笼罩在这古老的社会图景之上。只要法律仍把那些富有感情的人看作是主人的附属物，只要他们的主人生意上遇到挫折，生活中遭到不幸或不慎命丧黄泉路，他们便会随时因为生活失去保障而惨遭无穷的磨难，即使在奴隶制最完善的地方，过上美满的生活对于黑人也是极不容易的。

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希尔比先生是一个普通人，他本性善良，对人宽厚和蔼。在他的庄园中，黑奴们过着舒适的生活，所需的物品从来没有短缺过。但他却把自己的财物随意用于投机买卖，并沉溺于其中难以自拔。此时，他的期票证券和借据大都落入赫利手中。希尔比先生和赫利进行的谈话也正是基于这种情况。

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正巧，路过客厅门口的艾莉查无意中听到了两人间的谈话，她知道主人正和一名奴隶贩子讨论买卖奴隶的事。

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她真想在路过客厅时多听一会儿两人间的谈话。但女主人的召唤使得她不得不匆匆离开了。

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那奴隶贩子要出钱买自己的孩子，是不是自己听错了呢？她越想越感到紧张，下意识地紧搂住自己的孩子，心怦怦地跳着。孩子诧异地抬头看着母亲的脸，想从中窥出一些秘密。

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“亲爱的艾莉查，你觉得今天不太顺心吗？”看着女仆人那惊慌失措的样子，女主人便关切地问道。艾莉查紧张得不是弄翻水壶，就是碰倒小桌子，女主人要她从衣柜中拿出一件绸衫，但她却错拿了一件长睡衣。

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“啊，太太！”艾莉查吃惊地抬起头来，泪水“哗”地流了出来，一下子坐在椅子上哭泣起来。

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“艾莉查，我的好孩子，到底发生了什么事？”女主人问道。

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“太太，有一位奴隶贩子坐在客厅和老爷谈话，我听到他讲话了。”艾莉查说。

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“哎，真是个傻孩子，那又怎么样呢？”

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“啊，太太，你认为主人会把我的孩子哈里卖掉吗？”说着，这个可怜的女人便倒在椅子里哭泣起来，身体随之不停地起伏着。

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“卖掉哈里！傻孩子，你知道这件事是不会发生的。你的主人生来就不和南方的奴隶贩子来往，只要大家都听话，他是不会想到要卖掉你们中间的任何一个人的。啊，我的傻孩子，你认为世界上真会有人像你那样喜欢哈里而想买走他吗？好啦，不要担心，来，帮我扣紧衣服并把我后面的头发梳下去，就要你那天刚学会的好看的发式吧。以后不要再到门口听别人谈话了。”

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“那太太是绝不会同意卖掉……”

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“我当然不会同意卖的，孩子，你怎么会这样说呢？如果真是那样，我宁可也卖掉我的孩子。不过话说回来，你也太溺爱那个机灵鬼了，艾莉查。只要有人把头伸进我家，你就会怀疑他是来买你们家哈里的，那谁还敢来我家呢？”

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这番知心话使得艾莉查悬着的心终于放了下来，她一面笑自己的多心，一面轻巧地为女主人打扮着。

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希尔比太太不论智慧还是品德，都堪称是一位上等人。她不仅具有肯塔基州妇女那宽宏大度的天性、高尚的道德以及宗教式的操守，而且她还将这些特点融入到实际工作中。她的丈夫虽然不信某种宗教，但对于她对宗教的虔诚非常敬重。同时，对她的观点和想法有时还有几分敬畏。希尔比先生总是听任自己的太太由着自己的心愿去做善事，比如，尽力使仆人们生活得舒适一些，使他们受教育，尽力促使他们完善自己的品性。虽然他不参与他的太太所做的此类善举，但他从来没有阻拦过她。他并不完全相信圣贤多余功德有效论，但在他心中多多少少有着这样的想法：因为妻子的虔诚和仁爱，他们夫妇二人可以沉溺于某种难以名状的期望，而妻子德行的高尚可以保证日后两人共赴天堂之路，虽然妻子的德行是丈夫难于达到的。

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与奴隶贩子商谈之后，明知太太会反对他这样做而且会不时用这件事纠缠他，希尔比先生还是不断考虑着把自己的安排让太太知道，因为这份负担太过于沉重了。

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当艾莉查向她说出自己担心的即将发生的事情时，相信丈夫宽厚慈爱的希尔比太太对此并不放在心上，她对丈夫在经济上的窘境一无所知，而且事后她也没有仔细想这件事情。同时因为忙着为来访的客人的到来做准备，她便把这桩小事抛在了脑后——

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Late in the afternoon of a chilly day in February, two gentlemen were sitting alone over their wine, in a well-furnished dining parlor, in the town of P——, in Kentucky. There were no servants present, and the gentlemen, with chairs closely approaching, seemed to be discussing some subject with great earnestness.

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For convenience sake, we have said, hitherto, two gentlemen. One of the parties, however, when critically examined, did not seem, strictly speaking, to come under the species. He was a short, thick-set man, with coarse, commonplace features, and that swaggering air of pretension which marks a low man who is trying to elbow his way upward in the world. He was much over-dressed, in a gaudy vest of many colors, a blue neckerchief, bedropped gayly with yellow spots, and arranged with a flaunting tie, quite in keeping with the general air of the man. His hands, large and coarse, were plentifully bedecked with rings; and he wore a heavy gold watch-chain, with a bundle of seals of portentous size, and a great variety of colors, attached to it,—which, in the ardor of conversation, he was in the habit of flourishing and jingling with evident satisfaction. His conversation was in free and easy defiance of Murray’s Grammar,* and was garnished at convenient intervals with various profane expressions, which not even the desire to be graphic in our account shall induce us to transcribe.

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* English Grammar (1795), by Lindley Murray (1745-1826), the

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most authoritative American grammarian of his day.

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His companion, Mr. Shelby, had the appearance of a gentleman; and the arrangements of the house, and the general air of the housekeeping, indicated easy, and even opulent circumstances. As we before stated, the two were in the midst of an earnest conversation.

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"That is the way I should arrange the matter," said Mr. Shelby.

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"I can’t make trade that way—I positively can’t, Mr. Shelby," said the other, holding up a glass of wine between his eye and the light.

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"Why, the fact is, Haley, Tom is an uncommon fellow; he is certainly worth that sum anywhere,—steady, honest, capable, manages my whole farm like a clock."

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"You mean honest, as niggers go," said Haley, helping himself to a glass of brandy.

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"No; I mean, really, Tom is a good, steady, sensible, pious fellow. He got religion at a camp-meeting, four years ago; and I believe he really did get it. I’ve trusted him, since then, with everything I have,—money, house, horses,—and let him come and go round the country; and I always found him true and square in everything."

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"Some folks don’t believe there is pious niggers Shelby," said Haley, with a candid flourish of his hand, "but I do. I had a fellow, now, in this yer last lot I took to Orleans—’t was as good as a meetin, now, really, to hear that critter pray; and he was quite gentle and quiet like. He fetched me a good sum, too, for I bought him cheap of a man that was ’bliged to sell out; so I realized six hundred on him. Yes, I consider religion a valeyable thing in a nigger, when it’s the genuine article, and no mistake."

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"Well, Tom’s got the real article, if ever a fellow had," rejoined the other. "Why, last fall, I let him go to Cincinnati alone, to do business for me, and bring home five hundred dollars. ’Tom,’ says I to him, ’I trust you, because I think you’re a Christian—I know you wouldn’t cheat.’ Tom comes back, sure enough; I knew he would. Some low fellows, they say, said to him—Tom, why don’t you make tracks for Canada?’ ’Ah, master trusted me, and I couldn’t,’—they told me about it. I am sorry to part with Tom, I must say. You ought to let him cover the whole balance of the debt; and you would, Haley, if you had any conscience."

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"Well, I’ve got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to keep,—just a little, you know, to swear by, as ’t were," said the trader, jocularly; "and, then, I’m ready to do anything in reason to ’blige friends; but this yer, you see, is a leetle too hard on a fellow—a leetle too hard." The trader sighed contemplatively, and poured out some more brandy.

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"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy interval of silence.

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"Well, haven’t you a boy or gal that you could throw in with Tom?"

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"Hum!—none that I could well spare; to tell the truth, it’s only hard necessity makes me willing to sell at all. I don’t like parting with any of my hands, that’s a fact."

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Here the door opened, and a small quadroon boy, between four and five years of age, entered the room. There was something in his appearance remarkably beautiful and engaging. His black hair, fine as floss silk, hung in glossy curls about his round, dimpled face, while a pair of large dark eyes, full of fire and softness, looked out from beneath the rich, long lashes, as he peered curiously into the apartment. A gay robe of scarlet and yellow plaid, carefully made and neatly fitted, set off to advantage the dark and rich style of his beauty; and a certain comic air of assurance, blended with bashfulness, showed that he had been not unused to being petted and noticed by his master.

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"Hulloa, Jim Crow!" said Mr. Shelby, whistling, and snapping a bunch of raisins towards him, "pick that up, now!"

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The child scampered, with all his little strength, after the prize, while his master laughed.

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"Come here, Jim Crow," said he. The child came up, and the master patted the curly head, and chucked him under the chin.

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"Now, Jim, show this gentleman how you can dance and sing." The boy commenced one of those wild, grotesque songs common among the negroes, in a rich, clear voice, accompanying his singing with many comic evolutions of the hands, feet, and whole body, all in perfect time to the music.

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"Bravo!" said Haley, throwing him a quarter of an orange.

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"Now, Jim, walk like old Uncle Cudjoe, when he has the rheumatism," said his master.

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Instantly the flexible limbs of the child assumed the appearance of deformity and distortion, as, with his back humped up, and his master’s stick in his hand, he hobbled about the room, his childish face drawn into a doleful pucker, and spitting from right to left, in imitation of an old man.

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Both gentlemen laughed uproariously.

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"Now, Jim," said his master, "show us how old Elder Robbins leads the psalm." The boy drew his chubby face down to a formidable length, and commenced toning a psalm tune through his nose, with imperturbable gravity.

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"Hurrah! bravo! what a young ’un!" said Haley; "that chap’s a case, I’ll promise. Tell you what," said he, suddenly clapping his hand on Mr. Shelby’s shoulder, "fling in that chap, and I’ll settle the business—I will. Come, now, if that ain’t doing the thing up about the rightest!"

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At this moment, the door was pushed gently open, and a young quadroon woman, apparently about twenty-five, entered the room.

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There needed only a glance from the child to her, to identify her as its mother. There was the same rich, full, dark eye, with its long lashes; the same ripples of silky black hair. The brown of her complexion gave way on the cheek to a perceptible flush, which deepened as she saw the gaze of the strange man fixed upon her in bold and undisguised admiration. Her dress was of the neatest possible fit, and set off to advantage her finely moulded shape;—a delicately formed hand and a trim foot and ankle were items of appearance that did not escape the quick eye of the trader, well used to run up at a glance the points of a fine female article.

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"Well, Eliza?" said her master, as she stopped and looked hesitatingly at him.

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"I was looking for Harry, please, sir;" and the boy bounded toward her, showing his spoils, which he had gathered in the skirt of his robe.

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"Well, take him away then," said Mr. Shelby; and hastily she withdrew, carrying the child on her arm.

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"By Jupiter," said the trader, turning to him in admiration, "there’s an article, now! You might make your fortune on that ar gal in Orleans, any day. I’ve seen over a thousand, in my day, paid down for gals not a bit handsomer."

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"I don’t want to make my fortune on her," said Mr. Shelby, dryly; and, seeking to turn the conversation, he uncorked a bottle of fresh wine, and asked his companion’s opinion of it.

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"Capital, sir,—first chop!" said the trader; then turning, and slapping his hand familiarly on Shelby’s shoulder, he added—

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"Come, how will you trade about the gal?—what shall I say for her—what’ll you take?"

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"Mr. Haley, she is not to be sold," said Shelby. "My wife would not part with her for her weight in gold."

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"Ay, ay! women always say such things, cause they ha’nt no sort of calculation. Just show ’em how many watches, feathers, and trinkets, one’s weight in gold would buy, and that alters the case, I reckon."

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"I tell you, Haley, this must not be spoken of; I say no, and I mean no," said Shelby, decidedly.

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"Well, you’ll let me have the boy, though," said the trader; "you must own I’ve come down pretty handsomely for him."

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"What on earth can you want with the child?" said Shelby.

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"Why, I’ve got a friend that’s going into this yer branch of the business—wants to buy up handsome boys to raise for the market. Fancy articles entirely—sell for waiters, and so on, to rich ’uns, that can pay for handsome ’uns. It sets off one of yer great places—a real handsome boy to open door, wait, and tend. They fetch a good sum; and this little devil is such a comical, musical concern, he’s just the article!’

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"I would rather not sell him," said Mr. Shelby, thoughtfully; "the fact is, sir, I’m a humane man, and I hate to take the boy from his mother, sir."

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"O, you do?—La! yes—something of that ar natur. I understand, perfectly. It is mighty onpleasant getting on with women, sometimes, I al’ays hates these yer screechin,’ screamin’ times. They are mighty onpleasant; but, as I manages business, I generally avoids ’em, sir. Now, what if you get the girl off for a day, or a week, or so; then the thing’s done quietly,—all over before she comes home. Your wife might get her some ear-rings, or a new gown, or some such truck, to make up with her."

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"I’m afraid not."

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"Lor bless ye, yes! These critters ain’t like white folks, you know; they gets over things, only manage right. Now, they say," said Haley, assuming a candid and confidential air, "that this kind o’ trade is hardening to the feelings; but I never found it so. Fact is, I never could do things up the way some fellers manage the business. I’ve seen ’em as would pull a woman’s child out of her arms, and set him up to sell, and she screechin’ like mad all the time;—very bad policy—damages the article—makes ’em quite unfit for service sometimes. I knew a real handsome gal once, in Orleans, as was entirely ruined by this sort o’ handling. The fellow that was trading for her didn’t want her baby; and she was one of your real high sort, when her blood was up. I tell you, she squeezed up her child in her arms, and talked, and went on real awful. It kinder makes my blood run cold to think of ’t; and when they carried off the child, and locked her up, she jest went ravin’ mad, and died in a week. Clear waste, sir, of a thousand dollars, just for want of management,—there’s where ’t is. It’s always best to do the humane thing, sir; that’s been my experience." And the trader leaned back in his chair, and folded his arm, with an air of virtuous decision, apparently considering himself a second Wilberforce.

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The subject appeared to interest the gentleman deeply; for while Mr. Shelby was thoughtfully peeling an orange, Haley broke out afresh, with becoming diffidence, but as if actually driven by the force of truth to say a few words more.

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"It don’t look well, now, for a feller to be praisin’ himself; but I say it jest because it’s the truth. I believe I’m reckoned to bring in about the finest droves of niggers that is brought in,—at least, I’ve been told so; if I have once, I reckon I have a hundred times,—all in good case,—fat and likely, and I lose as few as any man in the business. And I lays it all to my management, sir; and humanity, sir, I may say, is the great pillar of my management."

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Mr. Shelby did not know what to say, and so he said, "Indeed!"

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"Now, I’ve been laughed at for my notions, sir, and I’ve been talked to. They an’t pop’lar, and they an’t common; but I stuck to ’em, sir; I’ve stuck to ’em, and realized well on ’em; yes, sir, they have paid their passage, I may say," and the trader laughed at his joke.

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There was something so piquant and original in these elucidations of humanity, that Mr. Shelby could not help laughing in company. Perhaps you laugh too, dear reader; but you know humanity comes out in a variety of strange forms now-a-days, and there is no end to the odd things that humane people will say and do.

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Mr. Shelby’s laugh encouraged the trader to proceed.

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"It’s strange, now, but I never could beat this into people’s heads. Now, there was Tom Loker, my old partner, down in Natchez; he was a clever fellow, Tom was, only the very devil with niggers,—on principle ’t was, you see, for a better hearted feller never broke bread; ’t was his system, sir. I used to talk to Tom. ’Why, Tom,’ I used to say, ’when your gals takes on and cry, what’s the use o’ crackin on’ em over the head, and knockin’ on ’em round? It’s ridiculous,’ says I, ’and don’t do no sort o’ good. Why, I don’t see no harm in their cryin’,’ says I; ’it’s natur,’ says I, ’and if natur can’t blow off one way, it will another. Besides, Tom,’ says I, ’it jest spiles your gals; they get sickly, and down in the mouth; and sometimes they gets ugly,—particular yallow gals do,—and it’s the devil and all gettin’ on ’em broke in. Now,’ says I, ’why can’t you kinder coax ’em up, and speak ’em fair? Depend on it, Tom, a little humanity, thrown in along, goes a heap further than all your jawin’ and crackin’; and it pays better,’ says I, ’depend on ’t.’ But Tom couldn’t get the hang on ’t; and he spiled so many for me, that I had to break off with him, though he was a good-hearted fellow, and as fair a business hand as is goin’."

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"And do you find your ways of managing do the business better than Tom’s?" said Mr. Shelby.

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"Why, yes, sir, I may say so. You see, when I any ways can, I takes a leetle care about the onpleasant parts, like selling young uns and that,—get the gals out of the way—out of sight, out of mind, you know,—and when it’s clean done, and can’t be helped, they naturally gets used to it. ’Tan’t, you know, as if it was white folks, that’s brought up in the way of ’spectin’ to keep their children and wives, and all that. Niggers, you know, that’s fetched up properly, ha’n’t no kind of ’spectations of no kind; so all these things comes easier."

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"I’m afraid mine are not properly brought up, then," said Mr. Shelby.

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"S’pose not; you Kentucky folks spile your niggers. You mean well by ’em, but ’tan’t no real kindness, arter all. Now, a nigger, you see, what’s got to be hacked and tumbled round the world, and sold to Tom, and Dick, and the Lord knows who, ’tan’t no kindness to be givin’ on him notions and expectations, and bringin’ on him up too well, for the rough and tumble comes all the harder on him arter. Now, I venture to say, your niggers would be quite chop-fallen in a place where some of your plantation niggers would be singing and whooping like all possessed. Every man, you know, Mr. Shelby, naturally thinks well of his own ways; and I think I treat niggers just about as well as it’s ever worth while to treat ’em."

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"It’s a happy thing to be satisfied," said Mr. Shelby, with a slight shrug, and some perceptible feelings of a disagreeable nature.

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"Well," said Haley, after they had both silently picked their nuts for a season, "what do you say?"

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"I’ll think the matter over, and talk with my wife," said Mr. Shelby. "Meantime, Haley, if you want the matter carried on in the quiet way you speak of, you’d best not let your business in this neighborhood be known. It will get out among my boys, and it will not be a particularly quiet business getting away any of my fellows, if they know it, I’ll promise you."

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"O! certainly, by all means, mum! of course. But I’ll tell you. I’m in a devil of a hurry, and shall want to know, as soon as possible, what I may depend on," said he, rising and putting on his overcoat.

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"Well, call up this evening, between six and seven, and you shall have my answer," said Mr. Shelby, and the trader bowed himself out of the apartment.

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"I’d like to have been able to kick the fellow down the steps," said he to himself, as he saw the door fairly closed, "with his impudent assurance; but he knows how much he has me at advantage. If anybody had ever said to me that I should sell Tom down south to one of those rascally traders, I should have said, ’Is thy servant a dog, that he should do this thing?’ And now it must come, for aught I see. And Eliza’s child, too! I know that I shall have some fuss with wife about that; and, for that matter, about Tom, too. So much for being in debt,—heigho! The fellow sees his advantage, and means to push it."

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Perhaps the mildest form of the system of slavery is to be seen in the State of Kentucky. The general prevalence of agricultural pursuits of a quiet and gradual nature, not requiring those periodic seasons of hurry and pressure that are called for in the business of more southern districts, makes the task of the negro a more healthful and reasonable one; while the master, content with a more gradual style of acquisition, has not those temptations to hardheartedness which always overcome frail human nature when the prospect of sudden and rapid gain is weighed in the balance, with no heavier counterpoise than the interests of the helpless and unprotected.

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Whoever visits some estates there, and witnesses the good-humored indulgence of some masters and mistresses, and the affectionate loyalty of some slaves, might be tempted to dream the oft-fabled poetic legend of a patriarchal institution, and all that; but over and above the scene there broods a portentous shadow—the shadow of law. So long as the law considers all these human beings, with beating hearts and living affections, only as so many things belonging to a master,—so long as the failure, or misfortune, or imprudence, or death of the kindest owner, may cause them any day to exchange a life of kind protection and indulgence for one of hopeless misery and toil,—so long it is impossible to make anything beautiful or desirable in the best regulated administration of slavery.

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Mr. Shelby was a fair average kind of man, good-natured and kindly, and disposed to easy indulgence of those around him, and there had never been a lack of anything which might contribute to the physical comfort of the negroes on his estate. He had, however, speculated largely and quite loosely; had involved himself deeply, and his notes to a large amount had come into the hands of Haley; and this small piece of information is the key to the preceding conversation.

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Now, it had so happened that, in approaching the door, Eliza had caught enough of the conversation to know that a trader was making offers to her master for somebody.

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She would gladly have stopped at the door to listen, as she came out; but her mistress just then calling, she was obliged to hasten away.

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Still she thought she heard the trader make an offer for her boy;—could she be mistaken? Her heart swelled and throbbed, and she involuntarily strained him so tight that the little fellow looked up into her face in astonishment.

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"Eliza, girl, what ails you today?" said her mistress, when Eliza had upset the wash-pitcher, knocked down the workstand, and finally was abstractedly offering her mistress a long nightgown in place of the silk dress she had ordered her to bring from the wardrobe.

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Eliza started. "O, missis!" she said, raising her eyes; then, bursting into tears, she sat down in a chair, and began sobbing.

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"Why, Eliza child, what ails you?" said her mistress.

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"O! missis, missis," said Eliza, "there’s been a trader talking with master in the parlor! I heard him."

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"Well, silly child, suppose there has."

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"O, missis, do you suppose mas’r would sell my Harry?" And the poor creature threw herself into a chair, and sobbed convulsively.

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"Sell him! No, you foolish girl! You know your master never deals with those southern traders, and never means to sell any of his servants, as long as they behave well. Why, you silly child, who do you think would want to buy your Harry? Do you think all the world are set on him as you are, you goosie? Come, cheer up, and hook my dress. There now, put my back hair up in that pretty braid you learnt the other day, and don’t go listening at doors any more."

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"Well, but, missis, you never would give your consent—to—to—"

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"Nonsense, child! to be sure, I shouldn’t. What do you talk so for? I would as soon have one of my own children sold. But really, Eliza, you are getting altogether too proud of that little fellow. A man can’t put his nose into the door, but you think he must be coming to buy him."

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Reassured by her mistress’ confident tone, Eliza proceeded nimbly and adroitly with her toilet, laughing at her own fears, as she proceeded.

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Mrs. Shelby was a woman of high class, both intellectually and morally. To that natural magnanimity and generosity of mind which one often marks as characteristic of the women of Kentucky, she added high moral and religious sensibility and principle, carried out with great energy and ability into practical results. Her husband, who made no professions to any particular religious character, nevertheless reverenced and respected the consistency of hers, and stood, perhaps, a little in awe of her opinion. Certain it was that he gave her unlimited scope in all her benevolent efforts for the comfort, instruction, and improvement of her servants, though he never took any decided part in them himself. In fact, if not exactly a believer in the doctrine of the efficiency of the extra good works of saints, he really seemed somehow or other to fancy that his wife had piety and benevolence enough for two—to indulge a shadowy expectation of getting into heaven through her superabundance of qualities to which he made no particular pretension.

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The heaviest load on his mind, after his conversation with the trader, lay in the foreseen necessity of breaking to his wife the arrangement contemplated,—meeting the importunities and opposition which he knew he should have reason to encounter.

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Mrs. Shelby, being entirely ignorant of her husband’s embarrassments, and knowing only the general kindliness of his temper, had been quite sincere in the entire incredulity with which she had met Eliza’s suspicions. In fact, she dismissed the matter from her mind, without a second thought; and being occupied in preparations for an evening visit, it passed out of her thoughts entirely.

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