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(1). 1:Offering citizenship as a form of atonement is common.
2:Austria, which normally restricts dual nationality, now allows descendants of Jews who were expelled, or fled, during the 1930s and 1940s to claim a passport.
3:A similar right can be found in Germany, where it is embedded in the country’s constitution.
4:Spain goes back even further, allowing descendants of Sephardic Jews kicked out in the 15th century to reclaim Spanish citizenship.
2:Austria, which normally restricts dual nationality, now allows descendants of Jews who were expelled, or fled, during the 1930s and 1940s to claim a passport.
3:A similar right can be found in Germany, where it is embedded in the country’s constitution.
4:Spain goes back even further, allowing descendants of Sephardic Jews kicked out in the 15th century to reclaim Spanish citizenship.
1:将提供公民身份作为一种赎罪方式是很常见的。
2:奥地利通常限制双重国籍，现在允许20世纪30年代至40年代被驱逐或逃亡的犹太人的后代申领护照。
3:在德国也能发现类似的权利，这一权利被载入德国宪法中。
4:西班牙甚至可以追溯回更远的过去，他们允许15世纪被驱逐的西班牙犹太人的后裔重新获得西班牙国籍。
2:奥地利通常限制双重国籍，现在允许20世纪30年代至40年代被驱逐或逃亡的犹太人的后代申领护照。
3:在德国也能发现类似的权利，这一权利被载入德国宪法中。
4:西班牙甚至可以追溯回更远的过去，他们允许15世纪被驱逐的西班牙犹太人的后裔重新获得西班牙国籍。
(2). 1:A few countries take the opposite path and hoard their passports.
2:Along with Austria, the Netherlands and Germany both have strict rules on dual-nationals from outside the EU.
3:In the days when citizens were regularly conscripted to butcher their neighbours, restrictions on dual citizenship made sense.
4:Now they seem outdated, serving only to leave immigrants—who may not want to give up their other nationality—as perpetual outsiders.
2:Along with Austria, the Netherlands and Germany both have strict rules on dual-nationals from outside the EU.
3:In the days when citizens were regularly conscripted to butcher their neighbours, restrictions on dual citizenship made sense.
4:Now they seem outdated, serving only to leave immigrants—who may not want to give up their other nationality—as perpetual outsiders.
1:一些国家则背道而驰，他们严格控制护照。
2:与奥地利一样，荷兰和德国对来自欧盟以外的双重国籍都有严格的规定。
3:在公民经常被征召去屠杀邻邦人民的时代，对双重国籍的限制是合理的。
4:但现在这样的限制似乎已经过时了，只会让那些不想放弃其他国籍的移民成为永久的外来者。
2:与奥地利一样，荷兰和德国对来自欧盟以外的双重国籍都有严格的规定。
3:在公民经常被征召去屠杀邻邦人民的时代，对双重国籍的限制是合理的。
4:但现在这样的限制似乎已经过时了，只会让那些不想放弃其他国籍的移民成为永久的外来者。
(3). 1:If passports can be seen either as a commodity or political tool, on the one hand, or a life-long civic commitment on the other, devising common rules for handing them out is close to impossible.
2:Although member states are happy to slam Malta and Cyprus, they do not appreciate criticism of how they themselves distribute citizenship.
3:Some may balk at the idea of limiting dual nationality.
4:Others may be uncomfortable with the unknown size of the Irish and Italian diasporas who could turn up as EU citizens.
5:How countries seek to atone for the Holocaust is a deeply inappropriate question for an EU ruling.
6:A clear definition of who qualifies for an EU passport is the obvious next step for any passport-selling ban; it is also a nightmare.
2:Although member states are happy to slam Malta and Cyprus, they do not appreciate criticism of how they themselves distribute citizenship.
3:Some may balk at the idea of limiting dual nationality.
4:Others may be uncomfortable with the unknown size of the Irish and Italian diasporas who could turn up as EU citizens.
5:How countries seek to atone for the Holocaust is a deeply inappropriate question for an EU ruling.
6:A clear definition of who qualifies for an EU passport is the obvious next step for any passport-selling ban; it is also a nightmare.
1:如果护照既可以被视为一种商品或政治工具，另一方面又可以被视为一种终生的公民承诺，那么几乎不可能制定出签发护照的共同规则。
2:尽管欧盟各成员国乐于抨击马耳他和塞浦路斯，但它们并不乐于接受对自己分配公民身份方式的批评。
3:有些国家可能会对限制双重国籍的想法犹豫不决。
4:其他国家可能会对爱尔兰和意大利散居海外，并可能成为欧盟公民的人数不详而感到不安。
5:由欧盟裁决各国寻求赎罪的方式也是非常不适宜的问题。
6:明确界定谁有资格申请欧盟护照，显然是任何护照销售禁令的下一步；这也会是一场噩梦。
2:尽管欧盟各成员国乐于抨击马耳他和塞浦路斯，但它们并不乐于接受对自己分配公民身份方式的批评。
3:有些国家可能会对限制双重国籍的想法犹豫不决。
4:其他国家可能会对爱尔兰和意大利散居海外，并可能成为欧盟公民的人数不详而感到不安。
5:由欧盟裁决各国寻求赎罪的方式也是非常不适宜的问题。
6:明确界定谁有资格申请欧盟护照，显然是任何护照销售禁令的下一步；这也会是一场噩梦。
(4). 1:An Al Capone approach may be enough for the EU to crack down on the current schemes operated by Malta and Cyprus.
2:Rather than stop them from selling passports outright, Brussels could pursue them via money-laundering legislation and make life difficult for the dodgier newcomers.
3:But a determined state—and some canny lawyers—could keep the golden passport trade going.
4:Granting citizenship is a huge power and member states are unlikely to give it up.
5:That means they will probably have to tolerate their neighbours selling passports to plutocrats.
2:Rather than stop them from selling passports outright, Brussels could pursue them via money-laundering legislation and make life difficult for the dodgier newcomers.
3:But a determined state—and some canny lawyers—could keep the golden passport trade going.
4:Granting citizenship is a huge power and member states are unlikely to give it up.
5:That means they will probably have to tolerate their neighbours selling passports to plutocrats.
1:对于欧盟来说，阿尔·卡彭式的方法足以用来打击马耳他和塞浦路斯实施的现行计划。
2:与其直接阻止这两个国家出售护照，布鲁塞尔不如通过反洗钱立法对它们进行追查，让可疑的新来者生活更加艰难。
3:但一个坚定的国家和一些精明的律师可以让黄金护照交易继续下去。
4:授予公民身份是一项巨大的权力，成员国不太可能放弃这项权力。
5:这意味着他们可能不得不容忍邻国向富豪出售护照。
2:与其直接阻止这两个国家出售护照，布鲁塞尔不如通过反洗钱立法对它们进行追查，让可疑的新来者生活更加艰难。
3:但一个坚定的国家和一些精明的律师可以让黄金护照交易继续下去。
4:授予公民身份是一项巨大的权力，成员国不太可能放弃这项权力。
5:这意味着他们可能不得不容忍邻国向富豪出售护照。
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