1. Misfortune（名词） -- 词源：mis（坏的）+ fortune（运气） -- 核心语义：指重大而持久的不幸遭遇 -- 搭配特点：常与重大生活事件连用 -- 例句：Losing his parents in the accident was a terrible misfortune. （在事故中失去双亲是巨大的不幸）
2. Mischance（名词） -- 词源：mis（坏的）+ chance（偶然） -- 核心语义：强调偶然性导致的轻微不幸 -- 语体特征：多用于正式或文学语境 ...(以上内容有节略,please sign in for more)500
【Misfortune】 , 【mischance】 , 【adversity】 , 【mishap】 are comparable when they denote bad luck or adverse fortune or an instance of this.
【Misfortune】 is both the most common and the most general term; it is applicable equally to the incident or conjunction of events that is the cause of an unhappy change of fortune or the ensuing state of distress and it may denote a particular unfortunate incident.
【Mischance】 rarely applies to a state of distress but is otherwise very close to 【misfortune】 from which it differs chiefly in greater objectivity. While sometimes used to imply grave affliction or even death it is especially appropriate when the situation involves no more than slight inconvenience or minor annoyance.
【Adversity】 , on the other hand, denotes the state or the instance but not the cause; it is distinctly the strongest of these words and in its typical use implies a state of grave and persistent 【misfortune】 . In application to the instance 【adversity】 is normally used in the plural.
【Mishap】 , (see also ACCIDENT ) like 【mischance】 , commonly implies triviality.
