在英汉翻译中,"juice"与"cider"的语义差异主要体现在以下方面:
1. 词源与基本词义
- juice(果汁):源自古法语"jus",泛指从植物组织(特别是水果)中压榨出的天然汁液
例:orange juice(橙汁)/ vegetable juice(蔬菜汁)
- cider(苹果酒):源自希伯来语"shekar",特指发酵苹果汁(含酒精),在美式英语中也指未发酵的苹果汁
2. 语义场差异
(1)juice的语义网络:
- 水果/蔬菜原汁(未发酵)
- 引申义:精华(the juice of the matter)
- 俚语:电力("give me some juice")
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The amount charged by a bookmaker for betting services.
Steroids.
Semen.
The vaginal lubrication that a woman naturally produces when sexually aroused.
Musical agreement between instrumentalists.
To extract the juice from something.
To energize or stimulate something.
's (used in certain set phrases like juice harp)
An alcoholic, often sparkling (carbonated) beverage made from fermented apples; hard cider; apple cider
A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice.
A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples.
A non-alcoholic drink, normally carbonated; equivalent to soft drink.
A cup, glass{{,}} or serving of any of these beverages.
The characteristic fluid of any vegetable or animal substance; the sap or part which can be expressed from fruit, etc.; the fluid part which separates from meat in cooking.
To moisten; to wet.
The expressed juice of apples. It is used as a beverage, for making vinegar, and for other purposes.
The amount charged by a bookmaker for betting services.
Steroids.
Semen.
The vaginal lubrication that a woman naturally produces when sexually aroused.
Musical agreement between instrumentalists.
To extract the juice from something.
To energize or stimulate something.
's (used in certain set phrases like juice harp)
An alcoholic, often sparkling (carbonated) beverage made from fermented apples; hard cider; apple cider
A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice.
A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples.
A non-alcoholic drink, normally carbonated; equivalent to soft drink.
A cup, glass{{,}} or serving of any of these beverages.
The characteristic fluid of any vegetable or animal substance; the sap or part which can be expressed from fruit, etc.; the fluid part which separates from meat in cooking.
To moisten; to wet.
The expressed juice of apples. It is used as a beverage, for making vinegar, and for other purposes.