通译比典:spare与surplus之间的辨析

spare与surplus 对比辨析

分析词典对比组词对比

Superfluous、Surplus、Supernumerary、Extra、Spare等词语的对比辨析:

这组近义词在英语中均含"多余"概念，但存在以下精细差异：

1. Superfluous（冗余性多余）
词源：super（超过）+ fluere（流动）
特点：强调绝对多余且无存在必要
例：The last paragraph is superfluous to the thesis.（末段对论文纯属冗余）
典型搭配：~ words/decoration/expenditure

2. Surplus（数量性多余）
词

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主题笔记

英语单词旧拼

英语错词拼写

英语单词异体字

常用单词比对

extra vs spare

extra vs surplus

lean vs spare

spare vs angular

spare vs meager

spare vs scanty

spare vs skinny

spare vs sparse

spare vs supernumerary

spare vs surplus

surplus vs supernumerary

surplus vs surfeit

ampoule vs ampul

Chamber_of_Commer vs chamber_of_commerce

coagulating_agent vs voagulating_agent

CouNT vs countct

dustman vs binman

felt spreader vs worm roll

grab_bucket vs grab_buck

gypse vs gyp

predation vs depredation

toxuria vs urinaemia；uraemia；uremia；urinemia

uniforunnotched_bar vs unnotched_bar

vetiveria vs vetiver

简典

spare fuse

北4用荣断器

surplus from property reappraisal

财产重估盈余

spare unit

备份部件

surplus available as at...

的盈余

spare parts strategy

备份策略

policyholder’s surplus account

保单持有人盈余账户

spare cable

备份电缆

retained surplus

保留盈余

Spare parts

备份件

surplus for this year

本年度盈余

spare barrel

备份炮管

surplus for the year

本年盈余

spare piece

备件

unappropriated earned surplus of current period

本期未分配盈余

spare gear

备件备用装置

current surplus

本期盈余

spare parts list

备件表

mixed quota surplus treaty

比率溢额混合契约

spare parts depot

备件仓库

reorganize(troops@etc.)and discharge surplus personnel

编遣