定义(define)与具体说明(specify)的用法辨析可从以下维度展开:
1. 概念层级差异
- define侧重本质界定(回答"是什么")
例:The contract defines the rights of both parties.
(合同界定了双方权利的本质范畴)
- specify强调细节枚举(回答"有哪些")
例:Please specify your dietary requirements.
(请具体说明您的饮食禁忌条目)
2. 语用功能对比
- 定义行为具有首创性(首次确立标准)
例:Newton defined the laws of motion.
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To fix the bounds of; to bring to a termination; to end.
To determine or clearly exhibit the boundaries of; to mark the limits of; as, to define the extent of a kingdom or country.
To determine with precision; to mark out with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly; as, the defining power of an optical instrument.
To determine the precise signification of; to fix the meaning of; to describe accurately; to explain; to expound or interpret; as, to define a word, a phrase, or a scientific term.
To determine; to decide.
To mention or name, as a particular thing; to designate in words so as to distinguish from other things; as, to specify the uses of a plant; to specify articles purchased.
To fix the bounds of; to bring to a termination; to end.
To determine or clearly exhibit the boundaries of; to mark the limits of; as, to define the extent of a kingdom or country.
To determine with precision; to mark out with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly; as, the defining power of an optical instrument.
To determine the precise signification of; to fix the meaning of; to describe accurately; to explain; to expound or interpret; as, to define a word, a phrase, or a scientific term.
To determine; to decide.
To mention or name, as a particular thing; to designate in words so as to distinguish from other things; as, to specify the uses of a plant; to specify articles purchased.