在英汉翻译中,"total"与"totality"这对近义词的辨析需要从词性、语义侧重和搭配习惯三个维度把握:
1. 词性差异
"total"兼具形容词(adj.)和名词(n.)双重属性:
- 形容词用法:The total population reached 1.4 billion(总人口达14亿)
- 名词用法:The bill came to a total of $500(账单总计500美元)
"totality"为纯粹名词(n.),其抽象程度更高:
- 指"全部状态":We must consider the problem in its totality(必须整体考虑这个问题 ...(以上内容有节略,please sign in for more)
Whole; not divided; entire; full; complete; absolute; as, a total departure from the evidence; a total loss.
The whole; the whole sum or amount; as, these sums added make the grand total of five millions.
To bring to a total; also, to reach as a total; to amount to.
to determine the total of (a set of numbers); to add; - often used with up; as, to total up the bill.
To damage beyond repair; - used especially of vehicles damaged in an accident; as, he skid on an ice patch and totaled his Mercedes against a tree. From total loss.
The quality or state of being total; as, the totality of an eclipse.
The whole sum; the whole quantity or amount; the entirety; as, the totality of human knowledge.
Whole; not divided; entire; full; complete; absolute; as, a total departure from the evidence; a total loss.
The whole; the whole sum or amount; as, these sums added make the grand total of five millions.
To bring to a total; also, to reach as a total; to amount to.
to determine the total of (a set of numbers); to add; - often used with up; as, to total up the bill.
To damage beyond repair; - used especially of vehicles damaged in an accident; as, he skid on an ice patch and totaled his Mercedes against a tree. From total loss.
The quality or state of being total; as, the totality of an eclipse.
The whole sum; the whole quantity or amount; the entirety; as, the totality of human knowledge.