Every boy and girl knows the cow, and likes to hear about her. A young cow is called a calf, and the male of the cow is called an ox or a bull. THE PET CALF (家养的小牛),
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牛浑身都长着短毛, 尾巴尖儿上, 还有一丛长毛, 牛就用这丛长毛赶苍蝇。,
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The cow has short straight hair all over her body. There is a tuft of long hair at the end of her tail, with which she drives away the flies.,
Most cows have horns. Some of them are straight, and others curved. You may have seen cows using their horns to drive away dogs that tried to bite them. When they do this, they put down their heads and rush at the dogs, trying to toss them in the air. The horns are hollow, and are made of the same kind of stuff as our finger nails.,
Now, look at the hoof of the cow, and you will see that it is split or "cloven. " The cloven hoof is really two hoofs, which are the strong nails of the cow’s toes. The cow has four toes on each foot; two long toes in front, and two short ones behind.,
Have you ever seen a cow eating? If you looked into her mouth, you would see that she has eight sharp cutting teeth in the front of her lower jaw; but in the front of her upper jaw she has no teeth. She has a hard pad there instead.,
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牛把青草咬在齿垫和下门齿中间, 撕下来, 然后不嚼就把草吞了下去。牛吃了很多草之后, 就卧下来开始"反刍"(chew the cud)。,
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The cow takes the grass between this pad and her front teeth and tears it off. Then she swallows the grass without chewing it. When the cow has eaten a good deal of grass, she lies down and begins to chew the cud.,
This means that she brings the grass up again, a little at a time, out of her stomach into her mouth. She chews the grass well this time with her broad back teeth, and then swallows it again. This time the grass goes into another part of the cow’s stomach.,
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牛对我们的用处可大了!我们都喜欢喝牛奶, 还把一些牛奶做成黄油和奶酪。,
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The cow is of great use to us. We like to drink her milk; and we make some of the milk into butter and cheese.,
After the cow is killed, she is also of use to us. Her flesh is very good for food. The flesh of the cow is called beef, and that of the calf is called veal.,
The skin or hide of the cow is made into leather for our boots and shoes. The horns are made into combs, spoons, and cups. Buttons, and the handles of knives, are also made of cow’s horn.,
The fat of the cow, called tallow, is used for making soap and candles. Even the cow’s hair is of use, for it is mixed with the plaster which is put on the walls of our rooms. The hair holds the plaster together, and keeps it from falling off the walls.,