-扩展释义
-functionalism的不同词性形态
例句
||1:This pump, which Mr Dennett calls a “cascade of homunculi”, was inspired by the field of artificial intelligence.||2:An AI programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks, to be dealt with by particular subsystems.||3:These, in turn, are composed of sub-subsystems, and so on.||4:Crucially, at each level down in the cascade the virtual homunculi become a bit less clever, to a point where all it needs to do is, say, pick the larger of two numbers.||5:Such homuncular functionalism replaces the infinite regress with a finite one that terminates at tasks so dull and simple that they can be done by machines.
||1:丹内特把这种泵称之为“级联侏儒”,其灵感自于人工智能领域。||2:在人工智能领域,当一名程序员接受了一项准备交给计算机去解决的任务时,他首先会把这项任务分解为一些更小的任务,然后再把这些更小的任务交给一些特定的子系统去解决,而这些子系统又是由更小的子子系统组成的,以此类推。||3:这一过程的关键在于,在这个串联在一起的每一个较低层次的子系统中,那个虚拟侏儒会渐渐地变得不再那么聪明,直至到达这样一个点为止。||4:在这个点上,需要那个侏儒来做的全部事情就是在两个数字中选出较大的那一个。||5:这样,这种侏儒技能主义就用有限回归代替了原来的无限回归,而这种有限回归能够在任务变得非常单调又非常简单以至于只需机器就可以完成的时候自动停止。
noun
1.(in the philosophy of mind) the theory that mental states can be sufficiently defined by their cause, their effect on other mental states, and their effect on behaviour.
‘Searle saddles _functionalism_ with the ‘blackbox’ character of behaviorism, but _functionalism_ cares how things are done.’
‘So, unlike the identity theory, _functionalism_ ends up disallowing mind/body causation.’
2.The theory that all aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society.
‘In the 1950s and the 1960s, as an offshoot of the sociological _functionalism_ of Talcott Parsons, theories of modernization and neo-evolutionism dominated the social science study of development.’
‘Wallace and Wolf trace the development of structural _functionalism_ to Comte, Herbert Spencer, and Durkheim.’
3.The theory that the design of an object should be determined by its function rather than by aesthetic considerations, and that anything practically designed will be inherently beautiful.
‘With few exceptions, _functionalism_ in Sweden was a matter of aesthetics, not of ideology.’
‘In what is easily, in my opinion, one of the best essays on contemporary design in recent years, Boym persuasively argues that the days of ‘good design’ based purely on _functionalism_ are squarely in the past.’
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