Sinclair Lewis stands almost alone as the connecting link between muckraking novelists of the progressive era and social novelists of the New Deal period

辛克莱?刘易斯，几乎是进步时代揭发黑幕的小说家和新政时期社会小说家之间唯一承上启下的人物。

contemporaneous with muckraking in magazine journalism was the proliferation of a fictional literature dedicated to the cause of democracy

与杂志上的黑幕揭发同时，一种献身于民主事业的小说创作正在蓬勃发展之中。

||1:According to the book, ordinary Americans, too, are ill-equipped to grapple with the president’s brazenness.||2:Ever since Watergate, they have been primed to sniff out political conspiracy.||3:But Mr Trump lacks the attention span and managerial skills to run a conspiracy.||4:Faced with pressure to reveal who received $500bn in taxpayerfunded emergency loans, his administration did not manufacture a false paper trail.||5:His treasury secretary simply refused to say.||6:It wasn’t muckraking journalists who informed the public that Mr Trump had sacked James Comey, a former director of the FBI, because of its probes into his campaign’s links with Russia.||7:As Gessen relates, the president said so on television.

||1:根据这本书中描述的，普通的美国人也没有足够的能力来对付总统的厚颜无耻。||2:自从水门事件发生以来，他们就做好去找出政治阴谋的准备。||3:但是特朗普缺少策划阴谋所需要的足够的注意力以及管理能力。||4:面对着披露谁获得了纳税人资助的5000亿美元紧急贷款的压力，特朗普政府并没有伪造文件。||5:他的财务部长只是拒绝透漏。||6:并不是那些揭露丑闻的记者告知民众，特朗普解雇了前联邦调查局局长詹姆斯·科米，因为联邦调查局就特朗普竞选团队与俄罗斯之间的关系展开了调查。||7:正如格森讲述的这样，总统在电视上是这样说的。

American Muckraking Traditions in the Late 19th Century

19世纪下半叶美国黑幕揭发传统

Muckraking journalists denounced the titans of American business as “robber barons” .

八卦记者曾将美国商业巨头贬斥为“披着强盗外衣的大佬”。