在英汉翻译中,准确区分"gift"与"bequest"的用法差异十分重要。以下是专业辨析:
1. 法律属性差异
"gift"(赠与/礼物)指在世时的自愿财产转让行为,强调即时性
例:He made a gift of his antique collection to the museum.
他将古董收藏赠予了博物馆(生前行为)
"bequest"(遗赠)特指通过遗嘱进行的死后财产分配,具有遗嘱属性
例:The library received a $2 million bequest in her will.
图书馆获得她遗嘱中200万美元的遗赠(身后生效)
2. 时间维度区分
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Anything given; anything voluntarily transferred by one person to another without compensation; a present; an offering.
The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing; as, the office is in the gift of the President.
A bribe; anything given to corrupt.
Some exceptional inborn quality or characteristic; a striking or special talent or aptitude; power; faculty; as, the gift of wit; a gift for speaking.
A voluntary transfer of real or personal property, without any consideration. It can be perfected only by deed, or in case of personal property, by an actual delivery of possession.
To endow with some power or faculty. See gift{4}.
The act of bequeathing or leaving by will; as, a bequest of property by A. to B.
That which is left by will, esp. personal property; a legacy; also, a gift.
Anything given; anything voluntarily transferred by one person to another without compensation; a present; an offering.
The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing; as, the office is in the gift of the President.
A bribe; anything given to corrupt.
Some exceptional inborn quality or characteristic; a striking or special talent or aptitude; power; faculty; as, the gift of wit; a gift for speaking.
A voluntary transfer of real or personal property, without any consideration. It can be perfected only by deed, or in case of personal property, by an actual delivery of possession.
To endow with some power or faculty. See gift{4}.
The act of bequeathing or leaving by will; as, a bequest of property by A. to B.
That which is left by will, esp. personal property; a legacy; also, a gift.