A fierce and merciless class struggle gripped the Ukraine. More and more people took to arms and each clash brought forth new fighters.
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Gone were the days of peace and tranquillity for the respectable citizen.
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The little tumbledown houses shook in the storm blasts of gun salvos, and the respectable citizen huddled against the walls of his cellar or took cover in his backyard trench.
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An avalanche of Petlyura bands of all shades and hues overran the gubernia, led by little chieftains and big ones, all manner of Golubs, Archangels, Angels and Gordiuses and a host of other bandits.
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Ex-officers of the tsarist army, Right and Left Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries—any desperado who could muster a band of cutthroats, declared himself Ataman, and some raised the yellow-and-blue Petlyura flag and established their authority over whatever area was within the scope of their strength and opportunities.
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Out of these heterogeneous bands reinforced by kulaks and the Galician regiments of Ataman Konovalets’ siege corps, "Chief Ataman" Petlyura formed his regiments and divisions. And when Red partisan detachments struck at this Socialist-Revolutionary and kulak rabble the very earth trembled under the pounding of hundreds and thousands of hoofs and the rumble of the wheels of machine-gun carts and gun carriages.
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In April of that turbulent 1919, the respectable citizen, dazed and terrified, would open his shutters of a morning and, peering out with sleep-heavy eyes, greet his next-door neighbour with the anxious question:
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"Avtonom Petrovich, do you happen to know who’s in power today?"
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And Avtonom Petrovich would hitch up his trousers and cast a frightened look around.
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"Can’t say, Afanas Kirillovich. Somebody did enter the town during the night. Who it was we’ll find out soon enough; if they start robbing the Jews, we’ll know they’re Petlyura men, and if they’re some of the ’comrades’, we’ll be able to tell at once by the way they talk. I’m keeping an eye open myself so’s to know what portrait to hang up. Wouldn’t care to get into trouble like Gerasim Leontievich next door. You see, he didn’t look out properly and had just gone and hung up a picture of Lenin when three men rushed in—Petlyura men as it turned out. They took one look at the picture and jumped on him—a good twenty strokes they gave him. ’We’ll skin you alive, you Communist sonofabitch,’ they shouted. And no matter how hard he tried to explain and
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how loud he yelled, nothing helped."
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Noting groups of armed men coming down the street the respectable citizen closed his windows and went into hiding. Better to be on the safe side. . . .
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As for the workers, they regarded the yellow-and-blue flags of the Petlyura thugs with suppressed hatred. They were powerless in the face of this wave of Ukrainian bourgeois chauvinism, and their spirits rose only when passing Red units, fighting fiercely against the yellow-and-blues that were bearing down on them from all sides, wedged their way into the town. For a day or two the flag so dear to the worker’s heart would fly over the town hall, but then the unit would move on again and the engulfing gloom return.
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Now the town was in the hands of Colonel Golub, the "hope and pride" of the Transdnieper Division.
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His band of two thousand cutthroats had made a triumphal entry into the town the day before. Pan the Colonel had ridden at the head of the column on a splendid black stallion. In spite of the warm April sun he wore a Caucasian burka, a lambskin Zaporozhye Cossack cap with a raspberry-red crown, a cherkesska, and the weapons that went with the outfit: dagger and sabre with chased-silver hilts. Between his teeth he held a pipe with a curved stem.
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A handsome fellow, Pan the Colonel Golub, with his black eyebrows and pallid complexion tinged slightly green from incessant carousals!
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Before the revolution Pan the Colonel had been an agronomist at the beet plantations of a sugar refinery, but that was a dull life not to be compared with the position of an Ataman, and so on the crest of the murky waves that swept the land the agronomist emerged as Pan the Colonel Golub.
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In the only theatre in town a gala affair was got up in honour of the new arrivals. The "flower" of the Petlyura intelligentsia was there in full force: Ukrainian teachers, the priest’s two daughters, the beautiful Anya and her younger sister Dina, some ladies of lesser standing, former members of
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the household of Count Potocki, a few members of the middle class, remnants of the Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionaries, who called themselves "free Cossacks". The theatre was packed. Spur-clicking officers who might have been copied from old paintings of Zaporozhye Cossacks pranced around the teachers, the priest’s daughters and the burghers’ ladies who were decked out in Ukrainian national costumes ornamented with bright-coloured
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embroidered flowers and multihued beads and ribbons.
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The regimental band blared. On the stage feverish preparations were under way for the performance of Nazar Stodolya scheduled for the evening.
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There was no electricity, however, and the fact was reported in due course to Pan the Colonel at headquarters by his adjutant, Sublieutenant Polyantsev, who had now Ukrainianised his name and rank and styled himself Khorunzhy Palyanytsya. The Colonel, who intended to grace the evening with his presence, heard out Palyanytsya and said casually but imperiously:
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"See that there is light. Find an electrician and start the electric power plant if you have to break your neck doing it."
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"Very good, Pan Colonel."
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Khorunzhy Palyanytsya found electricians without breaking his neck. Within two hours Pavel and two other workers were brought to the power plant by armed guards.
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"If you don’t have the lights on by seven I’ll have all three of you strung up," Palyanytsya told them curtly, pointing to an iron beam overhead.
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This blunt exposition of the situation had its effect and the lights came on at the appointed time.
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The evening was in full swing when Pan the Colonel arrived with his lady, the buxom yellow-haired daughter of the barkeeper in whose house he was staying. Her father being a man of means,she had been educated at the Gymnasium in the gubernia town.
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When the two had taken the seats reserved for them as guests of honour in the front row, Pan the Colonel gave the signal and the curtain rose so suddenly that the audience had a glimpse of the stage director’s back as he hurried off the stage.
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During the play the officers and their ladies whiled away the time at the refreshment counter,filling up on raw homebrew supplied by the ubiquitous Palyanytsya and delicacies acquired by requisitioning. By the end of the performance they were all well under the weather.
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After the final curtain Palyanytsya leaped on the stage "Ladies and gentlemen, the dancing is about to begin," he announced with a theatrical sweep of
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his arm.
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There was general applause and the audience emptied out into the yard to give the Petlyura soldiers posted to guard the guests a chance to carry out the chairs and clear the dance floor.
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A half an hour later the theatre was the scene of wild revelry.
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The Petlyura officers, flinging all restraint to the winds, furiously danced the hopak with local belles flushed from the heat, and the pounding of heavy boots rocked the walls of the ramshackle theatre building.
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In the meantime a troop of armed horsemen was approaching the town from the direction of the flour mill. A Petlyura sentry-post stationed at the town limits sprang in alarm to their machine guns and there was a clicking of breech-blocks in the night. Through the darkness came the sharp challenge:
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"Halt! Who goes there?"
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Two dark figures loomed out of the darkness. One of them stepped forward and roared out in a hoarse bass:
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"Ataman Pavlyuk with his detachment. Who are you? Golub’s men?"
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"That’s right," replied an officer who had also stepped forward.
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"Where can I billet my men?" Pavlyuk asked.
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"I’ll phone headquarters at once," replied the officer and disappeared into a tiny hut on the roadside.
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A minute later he came out and began issuing orders:
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"Clear the machine gun off the road, men! Let the Pan Ataman pass."
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Pavlyuk reined in his horse in front of the brightly illuminated theatre where a great many people were strolling out in the open air.
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"Some fun going on here by the look of it," he said, turning to the captain riding beside him. "Let’s dismount, Gukmach, and join the merrymaking. We’ll pick ourselves a couple of women—I see the place is thick with them. Hey, Stalezhko," he shouted. "You billet the lads with the townsfolk.
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We’ll stop here. Escort, follow me." And he heaved himself heavily from his staggering mount.
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At the entrance to the theatre Pavlyuk was stopped by two armed Petlyura men.
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"Tickets?"
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Pavlyuk gave them a derisive look and pushed one of them aside with his shoulder. The dozen men with him followed suit. Their horses were outside, tethered to the fence.
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The newcomers were noticed at once. Particularly conspicuous was the huge frame of Pavlyuk; he was wearing an officer’s coat of good cloth, blue breeches of the kind worn in the guards, and a shaggy fur cap. A Mauser hung from a strap slung over his shoulder and a hand grenade stuck out
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of his pocket.
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"Who’s that?" the whisper passed through the crowd around the dance floor where Golub’s second in command was executing a wild dance.
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His partner was the priest’s elder daughter, ^ who was whirling round with such abandon that her skirts flared out high enough to give the delighted men a good view of her silk petticoats.
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Forcing his way through the crowd, Pavlyuk went right out onto the dance floor.
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Pavlyuk stared with glazed eyes at the priest’s daughter’s legs, passed his tongue over his dry lips,then strode across the dance floor to the orchestra platform, stopped, and flicked his plaited ridingwhip.
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"Come on, give us the hopak!"
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The conductor paid no attention to the order.
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A sharp movement of Pavlyuk’s hand and the whip cut down the conductor’s back. The latter jumped as if stung and the music broke off, plunging the hall into silence.
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"What insolence!" The barkeeper’s daughter was furious. "You can’t let him do that," she cried,clutching at the elbow of Golub seated at her side.