The Beauty of "Distancing " and of "Integration": Mu Zongsan’s Ethical Existential Aesthetics

“分别说”之美与“合一说”之美-牟宗三的伦理生存美学

alienation effect; estrangement effect; distancing effect; Verfremdung

间离效果（又作陌生化）

||1:Cineworld decided to close all its cinemas in America and Britain until next year, after the release date of “No Time To Die”, the next James Bond film, was again postponed, until April.||2:Already struggling as social-distancing keeps the crowds away from its venues, Cineworld was banking on what would have been this year’s biggest box-office draw.||3:Other films have been delayed, some have gone straight to streaming.||4:Many in the industry believe lavish blockbusters need to be seen in cinemas first in order to create the all-important buzz.

||1:Cineworld决定在明年前关闭位于美国和英国的所有电影院，因为下一部詹姆斯·邦德电影《No Time to Die》的上映日期再次被推迟到4月份。||2:由于社交距离限制措施导致影院空空如也，Cineworld已经在勉强维持，该公司本来寄希望于这部有望今年最大票房亮点的影片。||3:其他电影也被推迟上映，一些电影直接通过流媒体的途径上映。||4:许多业内人士认为，为了制造最重要的轰动效应，豪华大片需要先在电影院上映。

||1:For the third week in a row Algeria was rocked by mass protests against Abdelaziz Bouteflika, the ailing president.||2:Mr Bouteflika insists on staging a national conference and approving a new constitution before holding an election, in which he would not run.||3:But a new group led by politicians and opposition figures called on him to step down immediately.||4:The army appeared to be distancing itself from the president.

||1:阿尔及利亚连续第三周受到针对抱恙总统阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·布特弗利卡的大规模抗议活动的冲击。||2:布特弗利卡坚持在举行选举之前召开全国会议并批准一部新宪法，而他不会参加这次选举。||3:但是一个由政客和反对派人士领导的新组织要求他立即下台。||4:军队似乎刻意与总统保持距离。

||1:Uncertainty will be a drag on the third factor—trust.||2:Trust gives leaders licence to take difficult decisions about quarantines and social-distancing, including school closures.||3:In Iran the government, which has long been unpopular, is widely suspected of covering up deaths and cases.||4:That is one reason rebellious clerics could refuse to shut shrines, even though they spread infection.

||1:不确定性将拖累第三个因素——信任。||2:信任为领导人在隔离和疏远社会(包括关闭学校)方面做出艰难决定保驾护航。||3:在伊朗，长期不受欢迎的政府被广泛怀疑掩盖死亡和案件。||4:这是反叛的神职人员可能拒绝关闭神殿的原因之一，即使它们会传播感染。

||1:When countries have few cases, they can follow each one, tracing contacts and isolating them.||2:But when the disease is spreading in the community, that becomes futile.||3:Governments need to prepare for the moment when they will switch to social distancing , which may include cancelling public events, closing schools, staggering work hours and so on.||4:Given the uncertainties, governments will have to choose how draconian they want to be.||5:They should be guided by science.||6:International travel bans look decisive, but they offer little protection because people find ways to move.||7:They also signal that the problem is “them” infecting “us”, rather than limiting infections among “us”.||8:Likewise, if the disease has spread widely, as in Italy and South Korea, “Wuhan-lite” quarantines of whole towns offer scant protection at a high cost.

||1:当国家病例很少时，跟踪每一个病例、追踪并隔离接触者是能做到的。||2:但是当疾病在社区传播时，这些举措就发挥不了多少作用了。||3:政府需要为疏远社交距离的时刻做准备，这可能包括取消公共活动、关闭学校、错峰工作等等。||4:鉴于这些不确定性，各国政府将不得不选择他们希望采取的严厉措施。||5:各国政府应以科学为指导。||6:国际旅行禁令看起来起决定性作用，但能提供的保护有限，因为人们想出行总有办法。||7:禁止出行还表明，人们认为问题是“他们”感染了“我们”，而不是限制了“我们”之间的感染。||8:同样地，如果这种疾病像在意大利和韩国那样广泛传播，类似武汉的隔离也不能提供足够的保护，而且成本高昂。

||1:Man’s fascination with hair is almost as old as humanity itself.||2:But humans have been cutting and coiffing their hair for at least 25,000 years, mostly with the aim of pleasing themselves and distancing or differentiating themselves from others.||3:Yves le Fur, curator of a new show about hair at the Quai Branly museum in Paris, is well aware that one of the earliest depictions of styled hair is a paleolithic figurine known as the Venus of Brassempouy, which was discovered in south-west France in 1894.||4:But he hides his anthropological light under a bushel and draws visitors into “Cheveux Chéris” with a quick tour d’horizon of stylists, styles and styled, from Gina Lollobrigida to Ingres and the sirens of Ulysses.

||1:人们对头发的迷恋几乎和人类历史本身一样古老。||2:但至少两万五千年以来，人们一直在修剪、打理自己的头发，主要是为了满足自己、胜过别人或是让自己显得与众不同。||3:巴黎的凯布朗利博物馆举办了一场关于人类头发的新展览。展览负责人伊夫·乐福很清楚：对发型最早的刻画之一是1894年在法国西南部出土的旧石器时代雕像（被称为“布拉瑟普的维纳斯”）。||4:但他并未显露自己在人类学方面的才华，而是快速而广泛地涉及了 历史上的一些造型师、发型和做发型的人（包括吉娜·劳洛勃丽吉达、安格尔和《尤利西斯》里的塞壬海妖等等），以此来把参观者吸引到“心爱的头发”这场展览中来。

"Hatoyama is scoring populist points by talking about distancing Japan from [the US] alliance, " she said.

“鸠山由纪夫高谈阔论，说什么让日本与日美联盟保持距离，他正在用这种民粹主义言论为自己捞取政治分，”她说。

Wearers do not think of the tinted glasses as a means of distancing themselves from other people.

戴墨镜者认为墨镜不是一种把自己与别人疏远开来的立法。

But more than that, the phrase is a wink-wink attempt at distancing oneself from the dirtiness of this town.

但不止那样，人们用这个短语是试图以闪烁其辞的方式远离这个城市的污秽。

Judicious distancing , however, is not going to be enough for Mr Cameron.

但对卡梅伦而言，仅明智地保持距离是不够的。

When they do, researchers have discovered a healthy way to cope: a simple technique called self-distancing.

当它们发生的时候，研究这们发现了一个健康的应对方法：简单地自我疏远的技巧。

In other words, psychological distancing makes us see the forest rather than the individual trees.

换句话说心理距离让我们看到整片森林而不只是一棵大树。

The main effect may be "social distancing " : masks scare people away from one another.

口罩的主要作用可能是产生“社会距离”：口罩产生的恐慌心理使人们彼此疏远。

If we can learn to spot the distancing pattern in our relationships, we can help prevent family problems and divorce.

如果能够学着发现婚姻关系中造成疏远的原因，便可有助于我们避免家庭问题，防止离婚。

Mr. Smith’s affair is a symptom of the distancing pattern that’s been going on between them for years.

史密斯先生的外遇正是他们夫妻经过多年疏远之后的一种表现。

The Effect of the Distancing-Axis Not to Parallel to Sight-Axis on Measurement Results

视准轴与测距轴不平行对测量结果的影响

All this is dragging central banks back towards political turf from which they had been distancing themselves for years.

所有这些将把各国央行重新拖回它们多年来一直竭力疏远的政治地盘。

By pausing, we begin to dismantle lifelong patterns of avoiding or distancing .

通过暂停，我们开始消除长久以来逃避和疏远的旧模式。

Mr Westerwelle hoped, mistakenly, that distancing Germany from the bellicosity of France and Britain would help his party.

威斯特威勒先生错误地希望与好战的法英两国划清界限可以帮助其所在的党派赢得州选举。

What ever be your present life situation, you can make your life really simple and beautiful by distancing yourself from your thoughts.

无论你现在的生活处于什么境地，你都可以通过使你自己远离你的思想，让自己的生活简单美丽。

Under the influence of its finance minister, Giulio Tremonti, the government is distancing itself from free-market ideas.

在财政部长朱利奥•特雷蒙蒂的影响下，政府离自由市场越来越远。

Democrats in those three fringe states tend to succeed by distancing themselves from the national party.

这三个边缘州的民主党人容易取胜是因为他们与国家政党保持距离。

This is the same sense as evident in the distancing that Japanese people set between themselves and others.

这是和日本人同其他人之间保持距离相同的感觉。