The Distribution and Structural Determinants of American Homelessness

八○年代美国游民的分布及其社会结构因素

but its nature can perhaps be expressed in one word: it is the problem of the homelessness of a people

不过它的性质也许可以一言以蔽之:一个民族无家可归的问题。

Speaking of homelessness , I should like to state that individual Jews, and individual groups of Jews, may have homes and sometimes very comfortable homes

讲到无家可归，我要说明，个别的犹太人或犹太群体可能有家，有时甚至是很舒适的家。

The National Alliance to End homelessness has reported that 750,000 Americans are in a permanent state of homelessness, and that up to two million have had experiences of having no shelter for themselves

美国“结束无家可归”全国联盟认为，有75万美国人处于经常性的无家可归状态，多达200万的美国人有过无家可归的经历。

Uncertain Life: Homelessness , Home, and Public Policy in Taiwan

飘浪人生:游民、家与公共政策

And if the Johnsons seemed their own worst enemies,who is to say with conviction that the perpetual threat of homelessness did not contribute to their despair?

如果约翰逊一家的不幸从表面上看是他们自己造成的话，那么，谁又能肯定地说他们绝望不是因为常常担心无家可归而引起的呢?

These are the days of dispossession, the season of homelessness , the time of evictions.

现在是强占豪夺的日子，是无家可归的季节，是被撵出家门的时候。

||1:For many cities seeking to house rough sleepers, finding homes is the hardest part.||2:Rents are soaring, and waiting lists for subsidised housing growing ever longer.||3:Medicine Hat cleared its housing-first waiting list in August.||4:Even so, Mr Clugston is reluctant to declare homelessness beaten before a planned public-housing development comes through.

||1:对于寻求安置无家可归者的许多城市而言，最难的是找房子。||2:租金在飙升，而等候补贴性住房的名单越涨越长。||3:Medicine Hat今年8月安置完了他们住房优先的候选名单。||4:即使这样，Clugston镇长不得不宣布，在规划好的公共保障住房新区建成之前，又一波无家可归者来袭。

||1:HANDING a homeless alcoholic the keys to a free furnished flat may seem foolish, unfair or both.||2:That was certainly what Ted Clugston, the mayor of Medicine Hat, a Canadian town of 61,000, used to think—but experience has changed his mind.||3:No-strings housing offers have helped bring the town within sight of a goal it set itself five years ago: to end homelessness by 2015.||4:At the time over 1,000 people passed through its homeless shelters each year, many between spells on the street.||5:If the municipality succeeds, it will be the first in North America to do so.

||1:将免费的带家具的公寓的钥匙交给一个无家可归的酒鬼看起来是荒谬的、不正当的，或者是既荒谬又不正当。||2:这也正是拥有6.1万人的加拿大小镇梅迪辛哈特的镇长Ted Clugston以前所认为的，但是一番经历使他改变了主意。||3:不带任何附加条件的房屋供给已将该镇纳入了一个在5年前制定的目标之中：在2015年杜绝无家可归。||4:当时每年有超过1000人获得过该镇的收容，其中许多人是长期流落街头。||5:如果该镇成功，那将是此举在北美的首创。

||1:Homeless people are triaged much like arrivals at a hospital emergency room: those deemed most at risk of dying on the street go to the top of the queue.||2:The approach is becoming standard in Denmark and Finland, and is being tried in over a dozen other European countries, as well as Australia and Japan.||3:Over 200 American cities have ten-year plans to end homelessness , following a national plan drawn up four years ago that features the housing-first model.||4:Canadian cities are drawing up similar schemes.

||1:无家可归者像在医院急诊室挂号一样排号：那些被认为最可能死在大街上的人排在队列前面。||2:此法成为丹麦和芬兰的标准，并且正在被多达数十个欧洲其他国家试用，也包括澳大利亚和日本。||3:在美国，4年前起草以住房优先模式为重头戏的为国家计划之前，已经有超过200城市拥有了结束无家可归的10十年计划。||4:此外，加拿大的一些城市也正在起草类似的计划。

Since then dozens of cities around the world have seen similar success with what has come to be known as “housing first”. The premise is simple: to end homelessness , give out homes—even to people who may have lived on the streets for years.

此后全球数十个城市已经通过名为“住房优先”战略见证了类似的成功。前提很简单：结束流浪，分配住房—即使对于多年住在街面上的人也是如此。

Homelessness in Hawaii

流浪夏威夷

“We’re devising a strategy to encourage people not to support him in his homelessness , ” Mr. Marx said.

“我们正在修改策略，劝告人们不要支持他露宿街头。”Marx先生说。

In 1999 the Labour government made it a priority to reduce rough sleeping, the most visible form of homelessness , and renewed it in 2008.

1999年，劳工部着重清扫了无家可归者最易被察觉的粗陋的躺大街行为，2008年又一次重申这一做法。

Barack Obama seems determined to do something about homelessness .

BarackObama似乎决心要对无家可归这个问题做出努力。

It also seeks to end homelessness for families and children within a decade.

此外，该策略也试图在十年内，结束家庭和孩子们居无定所的情况。

But homelessness has moved up the agenda for many American mayors in the past couple of years.

但，在过去数年间，无家可归者被提到大多数市长的议事日程上。

For years, Joan Burke has had to battle the fact that homelessness , for most Americans, is an invisible scourge.

多年以来，琼.伯克不得不承认，大多数美国人认为无家可归是无形的苦难，。

A friend suggested she start a blog about her life on the edge, which she called the Girl’s Guide to Homelessness .

她的朋友建议她把自己社会边缘的生活写成博客发表，就是这样她把自己的博客起名为《女子无家可归生活指南》。

The National Alliance to End Homelessness estimates about 675, 000 people are homeless on any given night during a one-month period.

据福利团体终止无家可归全国联盟（NationalAlliancetoEndHomelessness）估计，每晚美国都有约67.5万人无家可归。

With no savings from his monthly take-home pay of as little as $700, he said, he faced certain homelessness .

每月少时只有700美元的工资，没有存款，他面临无家可归。

Homelessness , which had fallen in recent years, may rebound as people lose their jobs and their houses.

前些年有所减少的一些无家可归的现象又出现反弹，原因是人们既丢了工作又失了房子。

Today homelessness is affecting a growing share of families with children too.

如今，有子女家庭也遭受无家可归的影响，比例越来越大。

And it will lay down a strategy for tackling all other types of homelessness as well.

它也制定了一个策略，旨在处理其他各种类型的无家可归。

And one estimate says current economic conditions will drive a million more people into homelessness by 2010.

同时，有估计说，目前的经济状况将会导致：在2010年以前，将有一万多人无家可归。

Not that I’m trying to glamorize homelessness , because it does have its bad points, but to me the beauty is there were no pressures.

我不是在把流浪理想化，因为它也有坏的方面，但对我来说，它的美在于没有压力。

I’ve tried manual labor, and the stress of living within a hair’s breadth of homelessness at all times made me physically ill.

我干过体力活，时常间不容发、无家可归，我身体实在难以再承受这样的压力。

Our Razoo Giving Guide to Homelessness has details on numerous organizations that are helping homeless people to get off the streets.

我们有关流浪汉资料的网页上有不少关于帮助给流浪汉安家的机构的详细信息。

I expect a tremendous increase in homelessness over the next couple of years.

我预计在未来几年间无家可归现象会大幅增加。

Homelessness is often seen as a threat to migration and tourism.

无家可归常被视作是对移民和旅游业的威胁。