It was discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming; by 1940, Howard Walter Florey, Ernst Boris Chain, and others had produced commercial quantities that proved vital to the treatment of war casualties, making penicillin the first successful antibiotic for human bacterial infections .

1928年由佛来明发现，到1940年，福楼雷、柴恩和其它人生产出商业用的青霉素，在治疗战争伤员中发挥重要作用，使青霉素成为人体细菌注射的第一种成功的抗生素。

A 4-year-old girl has had recurrent urinary tract infections since Oct. l, 1995. She has had frequent attacks of vaginitis since infancy.

4岁女患儿,白1995年l0月1日起患周期性的尿路感染。在婴儿时频繁发作阴道炎。

AIDS, the last stage of HIV infection, is defined by the appearance of potentially lethal opportunistic infections .

HIV病毒感染的最后阶段即爱滋病，其定义就是出现有潜在致命可能的感染。

Its analgesic, fever-reducing, and anti-inflammatory effects make it useful in treating headaches, muscle and joint aches, arthritis pain, and the symptoms of mild fevers and infections .

阿司匹林是一种缓和的非麻醉性解热镇痛药，可治疗头痛、肌肉痛、关节痛、退热、消炎、消肿。

Any of a number of retroviruses of the family Picornaviridae,inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract and associated with various diseases,such as viral meningitis,mild respiratory infections ,and severe diarrhea in newborns.

艾柯病毒任一种属于小核糖核酸病毒科的逆转录酶病毒，寄生于胃肠道内，与许多疾病有关，如病毒性脑膜炎、轻微呼吸道感染和严重的新生儿腹泻等

AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illnesses.

爱滋病破坏人体的免疫系统，从而使人对感染和疾病失去抵抗力。

A type of penicillin that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.It is used in treating gonorrhea and infections of the intestinal,urinary,and respiratory tracts.

安匹西林一种青霉素，抗革兰氏阴性、革兰氏阳性细菌有效，用于治疗淋病以及肠道、泌尿道和呼吸道的感染

Mayaro and Oropouche virus infections in Brazilian woodcutters who cleared the Amazonian forest in recent years is a case in point.

巴西伐木人开垦亚马逊河流域森林而患马雅罗病毒和奥罗普切病毒感染是最近几年中恰当的实侧。

Multiple infections are often present, requiring broad-spectrum antibiotics as well as drainage of foci of infection.

败血症通常由多种感染引起，故须使用广谱抗生素以及用外科手术引流感染病灶。

Infections with bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites usually spread from nearby sites. Symptoms include burning pain during and right after urination, unusually urgent or frequent urination, and lower back pain.

膀胱对感染具有高度的抵抗力，但有时周围器官的感染可蔓延至膀胱。引起炎症的病原体有细菌、病毒、霉菌或寄生虫，典型症状有尿频、尿急、尿灼痛和腰痛。

Nose drops or inhalations containing drugs that contract blood vessels help drain the sinuses. Antibiotics may be used for bacterial infections .

鼻滴剂或吸入剂含有可收缩血管帮助鼻窦畅通的药物成分。细菌感染时可使用抗生素。

A small oral mass of lymphoid tissue,especially either of two such masses embedded in the lateral walls of the opening between the mouth and the pharynx,of uncertain function,but believed to help protect the body from respiratory infections .

扁桃体圆形团状的小淋巴细胞组织，特别指连结于口与喉开口联接处后壁上的两个这样的组织，其作用尚未完全确定，但一般认为能防止上呼吸道感染

Any of various gram-negative,rod-shaped bacteria of the genus Proteus,certain species of which are associated with human enteritis and urinary tract infections .

变形杆菌任何一种革兰氏阴性的杆状变形杆菌属细菌，某些变形杆菌与人类的肠类和尿道感染有关

Superficial fungal infections (e.g., athlete’s foot)are confined to the skin. Subcutaneous infections, which extend into tissues and sometimes adjacent structures such as bone and organs, are rare and often chronic.

表面的真菌感染(如足癣)只限于皮肤表层;皮下感染会延伸到组织内，有时会波及骨骼或器官等组织，但较罕见，常呈慢性。

Virus or bacteria infections of the alveoli result in pneumonia

病毒或细菌感染肺泡引起肺炎。

The reduced cost made possible worldwide use of penicillin in treating many infections . But it was really a re-discovery.

成本降低后，全世界在治疗许多传染病时均可选用盘尼西林。然而，这其实是一种重新发现。

Adult patients tend to have more severe cases. Antibiotics now prevent death from secondary infections . Measles itself, for which there is no drug, requires only bed rest, eye protection, and steam for bronchial irritation.

成年患者会表现得更严重。如今抗生素的使用可以防止二次传染者死亡。麻疹本身无需用药，患者只需卧床休息、保护眼睛、做蒸汽吸入以减轻支气管的刺激症状。

This applies to most respiratory infections (e.g. mycoplasma infections, infectious coryza, laryngotracheitis)

大多数呼吸道感染都如此，如支原体感染，传染性鼻炎，喉气管炎。

This applies to most respiratory infections (e. g mycoplasma infections, infectious coryza, laryngotracheitis)

大多数呼吸道感染都如此，如枝原体感染，传染性鼻炎，喉气管炎。

People catch all kinds of infections in the winter.

冬天人们易患多种传染病.

For some infections , segregation of infected persons through isolation or quarantine may be required.

对某些传染病而言，可通过隔离或检疫把感染者隔开。

Starter Cultures, Bacteriophage Infections , and Plasmids

发酵剂、噬菌体污染和质粒

A nonmotile,gram-negative bacterium(Klebsiella pneumoniae)that causes a severe form of pneumonia and is associated with other respiratory infections .

肺炎杆菌一种非游走的革兰氏阴性细菌(肺炎克雷白氏杆菌)，它会导致一种严重的肺炎，而且与其他呼吸感染有关

An inflamed,tender swelling of a lymph node,especially in the area of the armpit or groin,that is characteristic of certain infections ,such as plague and syphilis.

腹股沟淋巴结炎淋巴结的感染了的小肿块，尤指在腋窝和腹股沟处;是鼠疫和梅毒感染的症状

The term is no longer restricted to the study of Infections but it includes cancer, malnutrition, road accidents, mental illness and other noncommunicable diseases.

该词不再局限于传染病的研究，它还包括癌症、营养不良、车祸、精神病和其他非传染性疾病。

Improved sanitation, vaccines, and antibiotics have all decreased the mortality rates from bacterial infections , though antibiotic-resistant strains have caused a resurgence in some illnesses.

改善卫生、疫苗、抗生素都减少了细菌性感染的死亡率，虽然耐抗生素的菌种引起某些疾病的反扑。

interferon may be effective in treating some herpes virus infections of the eye

干扰素对治疗某些眼部疱疹病毒感染可能有效。

The testicles’ rich blood and lymphatic supply block most infections in the absence of severe injury.

睪丸内丰富的血液及淋巴循环阻挡了大部分非因严重损伤造成的感染。

A synthetic purine nucleoside analog,C8H10N5O3,derived from guanine and used topically in the treatment of herpes simplex infections ,especially such infections of the genitals.

合成嘌呤核苷类似物一种合成嘌呤核苷类似物，化学式为C8H10N5O3，来源于鸟嘌呤，部分用于疱疹单一性感染的治疗，尤指用于对生殖器感染的治疗

Most patients recover within six weeks. Damage to various kidney structures can result from chemical exposure, major blood loss, crush injury, hypertension, severe burns, severe kidney infections , diabetes mellitus, renal artery or urinary tract blockage, and liver diseases.

患者通常于六周左右恢复。造成各种肾结构的损坏的病因包括曝露于化学药剂下、大量失血、挤压伤、高血压、严重烧伤、肾脏严重的细菌感染、糖尿病、肾动脉阻塞、尿路梗阻，以及肝病等。

throa infections

n.商喉

TORCH infections

TORCH 感染

throat infections

n.疫喉

infections symptom

传染病症状

mycotic infections

霉菌感染

prevent infections

预防感染

pyogenic infections

n.肿毒

infections hospital

传染病医院,传染医院

malignant infections

病邪

acute infections disease

n.急性传染病

endemic infections disease

n.地方性传染病

species specific infections

n.种特异性感染

infections disease in teeth

耳类传染性疾病

infections disease in hospital

医院内传染性疾病

infections diarrhea and emesis

传染性腹泻和呕吐

highly communicable infections

烈性传染病

intrauterine infections disease

子宫内感染性疾病

intraperitoneal infections disease

腹膜内感染性疾病

suppurative infections of the luns

肺痈

mixed vaccine of respiratory infections

n.呼吸道感染混合疫苗

peridontitis urinary infections disease

中心周围区功能类疾病