Approximate Solving Method on Massless -Link and Spring-Damper (MLSD)Model of Mechanism with Clearance

含间隙机构无质量杆-弹簧阻尼组合模型的近似解法

A hypothetical massless ,neutral elementary particle believed to mediate the strong interaction that binds quarks together.

胶子假设的无质量的中性基本粒子之一,被认为能传递一种把夸克结合在一起的强大的相互作用力量

An all-pervading,infinitely elastic,massless medium formerly postulated as the medium of propagation of electromagnetic waves.

以太,能媒一种在以前被假定为电磁波的传播媒质并具有绝对连续性、高度弹性的极其稀薄的媒体

Neutrinos and the hypothetical gravitons, also massless particles, move at the same speed as light

中微子和假想的引力子也是无质量粒子,它们也以与光相同的速度运动。

||1: As Mr Mee explains, the elusive particle is believed to be the physical manifestation of the so-called Higgs field, which has pervaded the universe since shortly after the Big Bang. ||2: In the beginning, all particles were massless . ||3: This, as any physicist will tell you, is the same as saying they zipped around at the speed of light; a massive particle, by contrast, is by definition more sluggish. ||4: When the universe's temperature dropped below 1 trillion degrees or so, though, it underwent a phase transition: suddenly the Higgs field flipped on and some particles, but not others, began interacting with Higgs bosons. Those that did slowed down. ||5: In other words, they gained mass. ||6: As a consequence, some kind of primordial symmetry was, to use physicists' jargon, “spontaneously broken”. ||7: If this sounds abstruse, Mr Mee shows how it led to the formation of complex atoms, and thus all of life—which explains why some call the Higgs the “god particle”. ||8: The author also offers an inkling of the underlying maths in terms of elementary algebra. (Though he or his editor could have had more faith in readers and not relegated this to an appendix.)

||1:正如梅所解释的，人们相信这些难捉摸的粒子就是所谓的希格斯场的物质证明，而在大爆炸后不久希格斯场就开始遍及宇宙了。||2:起初，所有的粒子都是没有质量的。||3:正如任何一位物理学家都会告诉你的，这等于是说它们以光速四处飞过；相比之下，就定义来看一个有质量的粒子缓慢多了。||4:不过，当宇宙温度降至低于1万亿度左右，它经历了一个相变：希格斯场突然翻转，一些粒子开始与希格斯玻色子相互作用，而其它粒子则不与希格斯玻色子相互作用。参与相互作用的那些粒子慢了下来。||5:换句话说，它们获得了质量。||6:因此，用物理学家的行话说，某种原始的对称性“自发破坏了”。||7:如果这听起来很深奥，那么梅就展示了它如何导致了复杂原子的形成，从而形成了所有的生命，这点解释了为什么有些人称希格斯介子为“上帝粒子”。||8:笔者还以初等代数的方式提供了基础数学的端倪。（不过梅或他的编辑本可对读者更有信心，而不是把这端倪归进附录）。

Take the recent question of whether neutrinos, a type of near-massless subatomic particle, can travel faster than light.

请看最近的一个热点问题：中微子的传播速度能否超过光速？中微子是种亚原子粒子，几乎没有质量。

If all particles in the universe were massless , then, the universe would look to them to be infinitely small.

如果宇宙中的所有粒子都失去质量，那么对于这些粒子来说宇宙便会变得无穷小。

We mean a two-particle system with the particles held at a fixed distance from each other by a rigid massless rod of length d.

我们意指一个两粒子体系，粒子之间借助于一长度为d的刚性无质量棒而保持固定距离。

The whole idea gained little attention in the 19th century, since light was thought to be a massless wave, not influenced by gravity.

整个想法在第19世纪自从光被认为是无质量的、不受引力影响以来得到很少的关注。

massless spring

无质量弹簧

massless particle

无质量粒子

massless neutrino

无质量中微子