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原文
(1). Renewable energy in Scotland
苏格兰的可再生能源之路
(2). Caution to the wind
小心风力
(3). How independence might threaten one of the SNP’s favourite industries
独立是否会威胁苏格兰民族党的支柱产业之一
(4). 1:In 2011, for the first time, renewables were the second-biggest source of electricity generated in Scotland, accounting for 27%, behind nuclear power but ahead of coal and gas; in England, renewables generated only 6% of the total.
2:Stand, buffeted, on Eaglesham Moor and you get an inkling of why: around a quarter of all Europe’s wind energy crosses Scotland’s land mass and surrounding waters.
3:Factor in its potential in tidal and wave energy, plus an expertise in North Sea oil and gas that can be transferred to greener industries, and the notion of Scotland as a “Saudi Arabia of renewables” does not seem too far-fetched.
2:Stand, buffeted, on Eaglesham Moor and you get an inkling of why: around a quarter of all Europe’s wind energy crosses Scotland’s land mass and surrounding waters.
3:Factor in its potential in tidal and wave energy, plus an expertise in North Sea oil and gas that can be transferred to greener industries, and the notion of Scotland as a “Saudi Arabia of renewables” does not seem too far-fetched.
1:2011年，可再生能源的发电量第一次占据了苏格兰总发电量的27%，成为苏格兰电力的第二大来源——位于核电之后，煤气电力之前；而在英格兰，可再生能源的发电量只占据了6%。
2:如果你置身于伊格尔沙姆沼泽，也许就能对其原因略窥一二了，全欧洲的风能大约有四分之一是从苏格兰的陆地和周围水域穿过的。
3:正是因为有它潜在的潮汐能和波能，再加上能将北海里的油气资源转移到绿色产业中的专利技术，苏格兰被称为“可再生能源中的沙特阿拉伯”也就不难理解了。
2:如果你置身于伊格尔沙姆沼泽，也许就能对其原因略窥一二了，全欧洲的风能大约有四分之一是从苏格兰的陆地和周围水域穿过的。
3:正是因为有它潜在的潮汐能和波能，再加上能将北海里的油气资源转移到绿色产业中的专利技术，苏格兰被称为“可再生能源中的沙特阿拉伯”也就不难理解了。
(5). 1:The political climate helps, too.
2:At Westminster, bickering within the coalition, especially over wind farms, has stymied progress over renewables.
3:By contrast, the Scottish National Party (SNP), which runs Scotland’s devolved government, has spent years talking up the country’s renewable-energy prowess and British dependence on it.
4:With some justification: Scotland exported 26% of the electricity it generated to the rest of Britain in 2011, and transfers to England are at a record high.
5:The SNP touts energy as a central plank of an independent Scotland’s economy, should voters opt for separation in next year’s referendum.
2:At Westminster, bickering within the coalition, especially over wind farms, has stymied progress over renewables.
3:By contrast, the Scottish National Party (SNP), which runs Scotland’s devolved government, has spent years talking up the country’s renewable-energy prowess and British dependence on it.
4:With some justification: Scotland exported 26% of the electricity it generated to the rest of Britain in 2011, and transfers to England are at a record high.
5:The SNP touts energy as a central plank of an independent Scotland’s economy, should voters opt for separation in next year’s referendum.
1:然而，政治气候也在其中起了推波助澜之用。
2:在威斯敏斯特，联合政府内部经常有争吵，尤其关于风力发电厂。这已经阻碍了可再生能源产业的进步。
3:相比之下，苏格兰民族党，也就是苏格兰自治政府的执政党，几年来一直致力于可再生能源技术的进步，以期获得英国政府对其电力输出的依赖。
4:公平地来说：就2011年一年，苏格兰就向英国其他地区输入了其总电量的26%，达到了对英格兰输电量的最高值。
5:如果在下一年的独立公投中苏格兰人赞成脱离英国独立的话，能源产业有望成为苏格兰独立经济体的核心产业。
2:在威斯敏斯特，联合政府内部经常有争吵，尤其关于风力发电厂。这已经阻碍了可再生能源产业的进步。
3:相比之下，苏格兰民族党，也就是苏格兰自治政府的执政党，几年来一直致力于可再生能源技术的进步，以期获得英国政府对其电力输出的依赖。
4:公平地来说：就2011年一年，苏格兰就向英国其他地区输入了其总电量的26%，达到了对英格兰输电量的最高值。
5:如果在下一年的独立公投中苏格兰人赞成脱离英国独立的话，能源产业有望成为苏格兰独立经济体的核心产业。
(6). 1:But external factors have helped, too. In particular, a European Union directive requires Britain to derive 15% of its energy demand from renewables by 2020.
2:Generators of such energy get subsidies from a Westminster scheme funded by consumers throughout Britain.
3:That is a major boon to Scotland’s renewables industry.
4:It is also, potentially, the cause of its biggest worry—one among several.
2:Generators of such energy get subsidies from a Westminster scheme funded by consumers throughout Britain.
3:That is a major boon to Scotland’s renewables industry.
4:It is also, potentially, the cause of its biggest worry—one among several.
1:其中同样也有外部作用，尤其是欧盟促进可再生能源使用指令，其要求到2020年，英国必须有15%的电力来源于可再生能源。
2:为此，英国制定由消费者投资的威斯敏斯特计划，向可再生能源发电厂颁发特殊津贴。
3:这对也的确是一个促进苏格兰的可再生能源产业发展的重大利好消息。
4:然而，这也产生了一个潜在的问题——几个中最严重的问题。
2:为此，英国制定由消费者投资的威斯敏斯特计划，向可再生能源发电厂颁发特殊津贴。
3:这对也的确是一个促进苏格兰的可再生能源产业发展的重大利好消息。
4:然而，这也产生了一个潜在的问题——几个中最严重的问题。
(7). 1:Not everyone is as sanguine about wind farms as the ramblers on Eaglesham Moor.
2:Elsewhere, the proliferating turbines are contentious.
3:As in England, the two strands of environmentalism—the push for green energy and the desire to keep nature pristine—still conflict.
4:Moreover, for most other sites, transmission costs are high.
5:National Grid, which operates the British transmission system, charges electricity generators according to their location relative to demand; Scotland’s windiest spots tend to be remote.
6:Meanwhile, as Professor Paul Younger of Glasgow University points out, Scotland still needs to plug an impending gap in its supply of “baseload” energy (power that is available day and night, regardless of the weather).
7:Buying more gas is the likeliest solution
2:Elsewhere, the proliferating turbines are contentious.
3:As in England, the two strands of environmentalism—the push for green energy and the desire to keep nature pristine—still conflict.
4:Moreover, for most other sites, transmission costs are high.
5:National Grid, which operates the British transmission system, charges electricity generators according to their location relative to demand; Scotland’s windiest spots tend to be remote.
6:Meanwhile, as Professor Paul Younger of Glasgow University points out, Scotland still needs to plug an impending gap in its supply of “baseload” energy (power that is available day and night, regardless of the weather).
7:Buying more gas is the likeliest solution
1:对于风力发电厂，不是每一个人都如同伊格尔沙姆的漫游者一样乐观。
2:在其他地方，涡轮机数量的增加是备受争议的。
3:在英格兰，两派环境保护论仍然争论不休——一方希望推动绿色能源发展，另一方则希望保持自然的纯洁性。
4:此外，对大多数其他地方来说，输电费用也很昂贵。
5:负责英国电力运输的国家电网，根据电厂与需求地的远近来收取费用；而苏格兰风力最强点则位置偏远。
6:同时，正如格拉斯哥大学的Paul Younger教授所说，弥补“基本装载”能源的供给仍是苏格兰的当务之急（指无论天气好坏，白天晚上都能利用的能量）。
7:要解决这个问题，购买更多的天然气是最优选择。
2:在其他地方，涡轮机数量的增加是备受争议的。
3:在英格兰，两派环境保护论仍然争论不休——一方希望推动绿色能源发展，另一方则希望保持自然的纯洁性。
4:此外，对大多数其他地方来说，输电费用也很昂贵。
5:负责英国电力运输的国家电网，根据电厂与需求地的远近来收取费用；而苏格兰风力最强点则位置偏远。
6:同时，正如格拉斯哥大学的Paul Younger教授所说，弥补“基本装载”能源的供给仍是苏格兰的当务之急（指无论天气好坏，白天晚上都能利用的能量）。
7:要解决这个问题，购买更多的天然气是最优选择。
(8). Beggar they neighbour
乞求他们的邻居
(9). 1:But, despite the SNP’s enthusiasm for both, the biggest shadow over Scotland’s renewables industry is cast by independence.
2:A separated Scotland would probably remain part of the same British energy market: all sides benefit from a system that allows the easy transmission of electricity from England’s power stations to Scotland when the winds are calm up north, and from Scotland’s wind farms to the south on days when they have excess capacity.
2:A separated Scotland would probably remain part of the same British energy market: all sides benefit from a system that allows the easy transmission of electricity from England’s power stations to Scotland when the winds are calm up north, and from Scotland’s wind farms to the south on days when they have excess capacity.
1:但是，尽管苏格兰民族党既大力扶持可再生能源产业，又支持独立，独立问题还是使苏格兰的可再生能源产业笼罩在大片的阴影之下的元凶。
2:脱离英国的苏格兰可能还会保留部分英国能源市场：要想双方实现共赢，只有建立一个这样的系统才有可能，当北部无风时，则允许由英格兰发电站向苏格兰自由运输电力，当北部风电厂发电量过剩时，就从北部运往南部。
2:脱离英国的苏格兰可能还会保留部分英国能源市场：要想双方实现共赢，只有建立一个这样的系统才有可能，当北部无风时，则允许由英格兰发电站向苏格兰自由运输电力，当北部风电厂发电量过剩时，就从北部运往南部。
(10). Fergus Ewing, Scotland’s energy minister, suggests that England, which itself faces an energy shortfall, will need Scottish power regardless: “England will need Scottish energy to keep the lights on by 2015,” he says. But it would be ironic if independence were to undermine one of the SNP’s flagship industries.
苏格兰的能源部长费格斯·尤因 （Fergus Ewing）指出，面临的能源短缺的英格兰无论怎样都会需要苏格兰的能源：“英格兰一直到2015年都需要来自苏格兰的能源把灯点亮，”他说道。如果因为独立而破坏了苏格兰的支柱产业之一，可真是令人啼笑皆非。翻译：朱大素
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