In the 1970s, the balance of power shifted to the environmentalists

从70年代起，力量的平衡开始向环保主义者们倾斜。

Environmentalists looking on this orgy of consumption can only be appalled

而环保主义者看到这样无度的消费也只能是感到惊骇了。

Nor, in older days, were they locked in combat with tough-minded, skillfully led opposition groups, including consumers and environmentalists

过去，他们也不必与意志坚强，领导有方的反对派集团进行难分难解的斗争，反对派集团也包括用户和环境保护论者。

Environmentalists are keen on degradable materials.

环保分子特别喜爱能够自然分解的材料。

Environmentalists exactly from this kind of background, emerged.

环保主义正是在这种背景下应运而生的。

environmentalists and philosophers point out that GNP is not an adequate measure of the quality of life in a nation-it only measures the market value of the goods and services

环境学家和哲学家指出，国民生产总值不足以衡量一个国家生活素质的高低，它只能衡量产品和劳务的市场价值。

In the meantime, acid rain received increasing attention from environmentalists and the general public

同时，酸雨越来越受到专家和公众的关注。

Our political and economic systems are deeply immature,environmentalists need to spend just as much energy organizing political and economic environmentalism

我们的政治与经济制度远未完善，环保主义者需要花费更多的精力在政治与经济上发起环保运动。

One of the environmentalists ’ pursuits is to develop the new, highly effective and economic technology applied to industrial wastewater.

研究开发高效、经济的应用于工业废水处理新技术已成为环保工作者的热点。

The Unabomber, who claimed an allegiance with radical environmentalists and others opposed to the effects of industrialization and technology, targeted university professors, corporate executives, and computer merchants

尤那邦摩声称与环保激进派和其他人一道坚决反对工业化以及科技所带来的结果。他们将袭击目标锁定在大学教授、公司行政官以及电脑商等群体。

In developing countries, environmentalists have objected to imports of mixed plastics and containers that have not been thoroughly cleaned.

在发展中国家，环保人士们反对混合塑料和未被彻底清洗的集装箱的进口。

In David Horsey’s cartoon, Moses represents the environmentalists

在霍尔西的漫画中，摩西代表了环保主义者，

Across America othe devout environmentalists live "off the grid", building shacks in the wilderness without running water or electricity

在全美，还有一些虔诚的环保主义者住到了没有电力网的地方，在荒郊野地盖起小屋，没有自来水，没有电。

Chinese environmentalists raised alarm bells after a survey earlier this year, which found almost a third of the country’s land mass is now desert largely due to human economic activity, such as livestock overgrazing

中国环境专家今年初进行调查后提出警告:中国大约三分之一的国土现在都是沙漠，这主要是人类经济活动造成的，比如过度放牧。

The inclusion of nonexperts as nonvoting members is a reasonable compromise concerning the issue of whether consumers or environmentalists should be placed on technical and peer review advisory committees.

咨询委员会中，将非专家作为无表决权的成员，是在技术和同行审议型咨询委员会中是否应引入消费者或环境主义者问题上的一个合理的妥协。

||1: MANY plans for reducing the world’s emissions of carbon dioxide-at least, those plans formulated by environmentalists who are not of the hair-shirt, back-to-the-caves persuasion-involve peppering the landscape with wind turbines and replacing petrol-guzzling vehicles with electric ones charged up using energy gathered from renewable resources.|| The hope is that the level of CO2 in the atmosphere can thus be kept below what is widely agreed to be the upper limit for a tolerable level of global warming, 450 parts per million.

1: 许多全球性减排二氧化碳的计划是要建造星罗棋布的风力涡轮发电机，并以再生能源发电为电动汽车充电，摈弃狂吞汽油的汽车。哦，至少那些并不坚决主张严酷节俭、回返穴居社会 [注] 的环保主义者是这样计划的。人们希望，这样一来，大气中CO2的含量可以保持在百万分之450以下。人们普遍认为，这就可以让全球气候变暖的程度处在可容忍的上限以下。

||1:THOUSANDS of anxious environmentalists , hard-eyed negotiators and bemused journalists gathered in Durban this week for the UN’s annual climate-change circus.||2:Saving the planet, the main item on its agenda two years ago, in Copenhagen, was not uppermost in their minds.||3:Saving the circus was: the failure in Copenhagen to forge a binding agreement to mitigate the world’s carbon emissions could yet lead to a breakdown of the whole UN process in Durban.

||1:本周无数焦虑的环保人士、针锋相对的谈判代表和迷茫的记者在德班聚集，参加联合国一年一度热闹的气候变化会谈。||2:对于他们来说，最重要的不是两年前在哥本哈根议事日程上的主要议题——拯救我们的地球，而是拯救这一次的会谈。||3:因为哥本哈根会谈没能打造出有约束力的协议来减少世界二氧化碳排放量，这有可能导致本次联合国在德班的整个会议进程土崩瓦解。

||1:But what if the environmentalists ’ dream came true? Could demand for dysprosium and neodymium then be met? That was the question Randolph Kirchain, Elisa Alonso and Frank Field, three materials scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, asked themselves recently.||2:Their answer, just published in Environmental Science and Technology, is that if wind turbines and electric vehicles are going to fulfil the role environmental planners have assigned them in reducing emissions of carbon dioxide, using current technologies would require an increase in the supply of neodymium and dysprosium of more than 700% and 2,600% respectively during the next 25 years.||3:At the moment, the supply of these metals is increasing by 6% a year.To match the three researchers’ projections it would actually have to increase by 8% a year for neodymium and 14% for dysprosium.

||1:但如果环保主义者的美梦成真了呢？到那时，镝与钕的需求也会得到满足吗？这就是麻省理工学院的三位材料科学家伦道夫?科尔臣、伊利莎?阿隆索和弗兰克?菲尔德（Randolph Kirchain, Elisa Alonso and Frank Field）最近向自己提出的问题。||2:他们在最近发表在《环境科学与技术》（Environmental Science and Technology）的文章中给出的回答是：如果要让风动涡轮发电机和电动汽车以现有科技完成环境规划者赋予它们的二氧化碳减排使命，在未来25年间，钕与镝的供给量将需要分别增加600%和2500% 以上。||3:这两种金属现在的年供给量增长为6%；要达到三位研究人员预计的水平，镝与钕的年供给量实际增长必须分别为14%与8%。

||1:But a few people hate it a lot.||2:Environmentalists are suing Poseidon every step of the way.||3:Joe Geever of the Surfrider Foundation says desalination uses too much energy and that Poseidon’s plant would kill too much marine life, including fish such as the goby and the garibaldi, which unfortunately happens to be California’s state marine fish.||4:He understands that there is a role for desalination, he says, but would rather not have it right there, right now, and on this scale.

||1:但是也有一些人极不赞同。||2:环境保护者正在起诉Poseidon海水淡化方式的每一步骤。||3:冲浪协会的Joe Geever说：“海水淡化耗费太多的能源，而且Poseidon会伤害许多海洋动物诸如虾虎鱼、海金鱼之类的鱼类，而后者恰好是加州的海洋鱼。||4:”他说，他知道海水淡化的重要性，但是相对于其来带的利弊，他宁愿加州此刻没有这么大规模的海水淡化厂。

||1:Similar chaos surrounds another set of rules, these ones governing ozone, which will also affect lots of power plants.||2:In 2010 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed tightening restrictions on ozone—a surprise in itself, since the rules were not due for review until 2013.||3:Late last year the White House overruled the EPA, and junked the new rules.||4:Since the previous set, dating to 2008, had never been implemented, a standard first adopted in 1997 still applies.||5:But environmentalists have sued to put a fiercer one into force.||6:Whatever happens, the Clean Air Act obliges the EPA to reopen the whole subject again next year.

||1:相似混乱的情况也出现在其它法规的制定中，包括对臭氧排放的监控，这些法令也会影响很多发电站。||2:2010年环境保护署（EPA）提议降低排放臭氧的限制，这是一个令人惊讶的决定，因为这项限制措施要到2013年才要复审。||3:去年年底，白宫否决了EPA的这项提案。||4:这是因为自2008年之前的规定还从未真正执行过，一项1997年的标准还正在申请中。||5:但是环保人士要求尽快将其执行。||6:无论还会发生什么，迎来复审的清洁空气法案将迫使EPA明年重新开始工作。

His latest move, cheered by environmentalists , was a ban on free plastic shopping bags, implemented on August 19th.

艾布拉德最近的举措是禁止免费塑料购物袋的使用，这项禁令于8月19日生效，并得到众环保人士的拥护。

But in many boardrooms renewables are no longer seen as just a way of keeping environmentalists off companies’ backs.

不过，在许多会议室，可再生能源已经成为公司摆脱环保人士纠缠的一个方式。

But progress on pollution is unlikely to be as rapid or uniform as the government and environmentalists desire.

不过处理污染的过程不可能像政府和环境学家渴望的那样快并且步伐一致。

But although environmentalists may disagree with him, they can’t simply write him off.

不过尽管环保主义者可能不同意他的说法，他们不能简单地将他的地位一笔带过。

Environmentalists have long complained that the nuclear industry, which provides most of France’s energy needs, is shrouded in secrecy.

长时间以来，环境保护者都在抱怨，尽管提供了法国大部分能源需求，核工业却迷雾重重。

From his first day in office, environmentalists have pressed Barack Obama to attend next month’s climate conference in Copenhagen.

从巴拉克·奥巴马就任的头一天起，环保人士就向他施加压力要求他参加下个月的哥本哈根气候大会。

There’s a segment of the population that sees environmentalists as socialists, trying to control people’s lives.

大众中有部分人认为环保主义是社会主义者，总是试图控制大家的生活。

The proposal has raised concerns among environmentalists , farmers, ranchers, and landowners in the region, however.

但是对于这个提案，环保人士、农场主、牧场主和一些地区的土地所有者表示高度关注。

Under the influence of a group of politicians from across the spectrum and environmentalists the idea is gaining flesh and credibility.

但一组来着各地的政治家和环保者加以影响，这个想法才得以发展、赢得信誉。

But it is so weighed down with giveaways, loopholes and needless complexity that many environmentalists hesitate to support it.

但这部法案对让步、漏洞和无关紧要的复杂性的过度忧虑导致许多环境学家都很犹豫是不是要支持它。