To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.’

“有限制地保护作者和发明者对其作品所享有的著作权和专营权以促进科学和进步文化的进步”。

In 1827, Harrison Grey Dyer used a form of the telegraph on long island, New York, but he gave up the idea. The problem facing most inventors was finding a good source of electricity to make the telegraph work.

1827年，哈里森·格雷·戴尔曾在纽约长岛使用了一种电报形式，但是他放弃了这个想法。当时大多数发明者面临的问题是寻找一个使电报工作的好电源。

Beginning in the 1840s, several British and French inventors produced designs for engine-powered aircraft, but the first powered, sustained, and controlled flight was only achieved by Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1903.

19世纪40年代一些英国、法国的发明家开始设计了以发动机为动力的飞机，但第一个用动力作持续而可控制的飞行是由莱特兄弟在1903年达成的。

Albert Einstein gets all the attention, but the great mind that would-be inventors ultimately compare themselves to is Otto Rohwedder-at least if they think they’ve invented the greatest thing since sliced bread.

艾伯特·爱因斯坦是万众瞩目的科学家，但是几乎所有想要成为发明家的人都要与大师奥托·罗韦德尔比一下--起码当他们认为自己发明了“有史以来最好的东西”时是这样的。

the preeminence of Edison among the inventors of his day

爱迪生在同时代发明家中所显示的超群地位.

By signing, the inventors hereby agree to assign, the right, title and interest in the above invention to Academia Sinica.

创作人同意将上述发明在专利申请国家之权利与利益，让予中央研究院。

Article 4 A protected layout-design shall possess originality, namely the layout-design is the product of the intellectual labour of the inventor, and the layout-design is not a standard design generally accepted by the layout-design inventors and integrated circuit manufacturers.

第四条 受保护的布图设计应当具有独创性，即该布图设计是创作者自己的智力劳动成果，并且在其创作时该布图设计在布图设计创作者和集成电路制造者中不是公认的常规设计。

Any enterprise holding the patent right may include the said money prize paid to such inventors or designers into its production cost; any institution holding the patent right may disburse the said money prize out of its operating expenses.

发给发明人或者设计人的奖金，企业可以计入成本，事业单位可以从事业费中列支。

Inventors have attacked these problems in a variety of ingenious ways

发明者已着手用各种巧妙的方法来解决这些问题。

PENSACOLA, Florida-The idea for a smoke detector that lets parents record a message to tell young children what to do when there is a fire came in a dream, one of its inventors says

佛罗里达州潘萨括拉市:能让父母录下声音告诉孩子在火灾发生时该怎么办的报警器的发明灵感来自一个梦，该报警器的发明人之一艾迪-弗瑞如是说道。

The Copyright Clause gives Congress the right to grant to authors and inventors exclusive use of their works "for limited times" in order to "promote the progress of science and useful arts."

根据宪法中的著作权条款，为了“推动科学和进步文化的发展”，国会有权在限制时间内赋予作者和发明者对其作品所享有的著作权和专营权。

An Initial Study of Relationships among the R&D Productivities of Patent Inventors in Patent, Academic Achievement and Professional Performances-An Example of Pixar Animation Studies

建构专利发明人之专利、学术与专业表现关连脉络-以Pixar动画制作公司为例

According to the inventors , young children often panic and hide when they hear a conventional smoke alarm, sometimes fearing they have done something wrong to set it off

据这些发明人说，小孩子们在听到传统的烟雾报警器报警时，往往会惊慌失措而藏起来，有时他们会很害怕，以为自己做错了事而弄响了报警器。

But unfortunately they never once succeeded; each time, they were defeated by the imperialists, the inventors of "aggressiveness"

可惜没有一次成功，都给“进取性”的发明人即帝国主义者打败了。

Marconi studied books by many inventors , including Heinrich Hertz, who discovered what we now call radio waves, and Michael Faraday, the inventor of the dynamo for producing electrical energy.

马可尼研究了许多发明家的著作，包括海因里希·赫兹的书，他发现了我们现在所称的无线电波，以及迈克尔·法拉第的书，他是产生电能之发电机的发明者。

Mead predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerful customized chips over a weekend at the office

米德预言发明者可以在办公室用一个周末的时间生产了完美的、功能很强的、按客户需求设计的芯片

Inventors everywhere were scrambling to build motorized vehicles

世界各地的发明家都在争先恐后地来造机动车辆。

The Intrinsic Motivation, Thinking Orientation, and Environmental Opportunities of Technological Inventors in Taiwan: A Perspective from Evolution Theory

台湾发明家的内在动机、思考取向及环境机会―演化论的观点

That same year British inventors patented a telegraph system that activated five needle pointers that could be made to point to specific letters and numbers on their mounting plate.

同年，英国的发明家也取得了一个电报系统的专利，该系统有一块刻有字母和数字的面板，系统可以让五根指针指向某些字母或数字。

We don’t know about the inventors of fire and the wheel, but we can read about the people who invented other things which are important to our everyday lives. In one way or another, all of our lives are affected by their inventions.

我们不知道是谁发明火和轮子，但是，我们可以通过阅读得知是谁发明了其它那些对我们日常生活很重要的东西。这些发明以这样或那样的方式，影响着我们所有人的生活。

Many inventors followed the same principles as that French inventor had used in his invention.

许多发明家遵循那个法国发明家在他的发明中曾用过的同样原理进行发明创造。

Intel was founded in 1968 as NM Electronics by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore, inventors of the integrated circuit, to manufacture large-scale integrated (LSI)circuits.

英特尔公司1968年创立时名为诺摩电子公司，由诺伊斯和摩尔共同创立，二人曾发明集成电路，后又生产大规模集成电路。

Soon after it had been discovered, scientists and inventors began to put it to work.

在电子被发现后不久，科学家和发明家便开始使电子发挥作用。

At the behest of Disney Co. and other large media firms, that gave authors and inventors another 20 years to dictate the sale and use of their words, images and music.

这部法案是应迪斯尼公司和其他几家大的传媒公司作出的，其中赋予作者和发明者另外20年的保护期以便销售和使用他们的文字、图像和音乐。

Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox

直到近19世纪末，发明家们才成功地找到有效率的冰箱所需要的隔热和循环的精确平衡。

patents themselves also tend to keep prices high, in theory to reward inventors for the introduction of a useful new product

专利本身也倾向于保持高价，从理论上讲这是为了奖励发明者能将一个有用途的新产品介绍出来。

||1:Aug 3rd 2013 | TOKYO |From the print editionTHE Japanese are among the world’s most reluctant taxpayers.||2:They reserve their deepest loathing for value-added tax (VAT).||3:That may be because one of the inventors of VAT, Carl Shoup, an American economist, used them as guinea pigs for his new levy during the occupation after the second world war.||4:Japan soon scrapped VAT, reintroducing a “consumption tax” only in 1989.||5:This quickly became as hated as its foreign-imposed forerunner.

||1:日本人是世界上最不情愿的纳税人之一。||2:他们对增值税恨之入骨。||3:可能是因为增值税的发明者之一，美国经济学家Carl Shoup在二战之后用他们作为其新税收类型的小白鼠。||4:日本很快废除了增值税，直到1989年重新引入了一种消费税。||5:很快人们也烦透了这一税收。

||1:He never saw clearly enough to find Nessie—except on that one day in 1972, when he had been too moved and excited to work the Super-8 camera that shook in his hand.||2:But the founder of the Academy of Applied Science, and the patent lawyer, regularly recognised himself in the inventors , old and young, who came to see him.The streak of craziness; the thrill of the quest; the frequent difficulty of describing what their invention was, how it worked, what it was for; their vulnerability to ridicule, because what they had done or thought was new; and the need to protect that thought, as something interesting and precious in itself.||3:Mr Rines’s generosity and openness to them was no more than he hoped for for himself, as he sat patiently in his waterproofs, waiting, beside a Scottish shore.

||1:在寻找尼斯水怪的过程中，他却从没看清楚过——除了1972年的那一天，他由于过分的激动和兴奋，都用不好他那台Super-8型号的照相机了，手不停地抖动。||2:但是这个实用技术学院的创始人，这个专利律师却时常可以在拜访他的年轻和年老的发明家那里看见自己的影子：近似疯癫的性格；探索未知时的激动；描述新发明时常遇到的困难（诸如发明的东西怎么工作，发明的目地是什么）；面对嘲笑时的脆弱（因为所做所想都是新东西）；还有感觉需要保护新想法的心理（把新想法本身看作有趣的、要珍视的东西）。||3:莱恩斯不会不包容这些性格，他对这些人是敞开的；但是他更希望那个坐在苏格兰的湖边、穿着雨衣、静静等待的那个人——他自己，受到包容。

But inventors like Steve Perlman, the founder of WebTV and other firms, argue that it forces companies to file for patents before their inventions are fully developed.

但是WebTV及多家公司的创始人史蒂夫?帕尔曼这样的投资人辩称，这会迫使公司在发明完全开发出之前就注册专利。

Instead of the "first to invent" principle, which America currently uses, patents will be awarded to inventors who are the "first to file".

美国专利目前遵循"第一发明"原则，将改为授予第一个申请注册的人。