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堂吉诃德|Don Quixote

Part 2 第29章|Part 2 Chapter 27

属类： 双语小说 【分类】世界名著 -[作者: 塞万提斯] 阅读：[44741]
《堂吉诃德》是一部幽默诙谐、滑稽可笑、充满了奇思妙想的长篇文学巨著。此书主要描写了一个有趣、可敬、可悲、喜欢自欺欺人的没落贵族堂吉诃德，他痴狂地迷恋古代骑士小说，以至于放弃家业，用破甲驽马装扮成古代骑士的样子，再雇佣农民桑乔作侍从，三次出征周游全国，去创建所谓的扶弱锄强的骑士业绩。他们在征险的生涯中闹出了许多笑话，到处碰壁受辱，堂吉诃德多次被打成重伤，有一次还被当成疯子关在笼子里遣送回乡。最后，他因征战不利郁郁寡欢而与世长辞，临终前他那一番貌似悔悟的话语让人匪夷所思又哭笑不得。
《 字+字- 行+行- 页+页- 字+字- 行+行- 页+页- 》
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且说唐吉诃德和桑乔走出杨树林，来到了埃布罗河边。一看到河，唐吉诃德不禁心旷神怡。只见岸边一片秀丽景色，河流平缓，河水清清，如水晶一般源源不断，竟勾起了唐吉诃德的无限情思，特别是他在蒙特西诺斯洞里遇到的情景。虽然佩德罗师傅的猴子说过，那些事不过是真假参半，可唐吉诃德还是宁愿相信那些事都是真的。而桑乔却相反，他觉得那些事全是假的。

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他们再往前走，眼前出现了一只小船。船拴在岸边的一棵树上，船上既没有桨，也没有渔具。唐吉诃德向四周看了看，不见一个人影。他没说什么，翻身下了马，让桑乔也下了驴，把马和驴都拴在旁边的一棵杨树或者柳树上。桑乔问唐吉诃德为什么要这样，唐吉诃德说：

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“你应该知道，桑乔，这条船肯定是在召唤我上去，乘着它去援救某个骑士或者其他有难而又急需帮助的贵人。这是骑士小说里魔法师常做的事情。某位骑士遇到了麻烦事，仅靠自己的力量已经不足以摆脱出来了，就必须求另外一位骑士帮助。虽然两个骑士相隔两三千里，或许更远，魔法师常常借助一块云，或者放上一条小船，让那个骑士上了小船，转眼之间，就从空中，或者海上，把骑士送到了需要他帮助的地方。所以我说，桑乔，这条小船肯定也是起这个作用的，这点可以确信无疑。不过在上船之前，你要先把马和驴拴在一起。我必须按照上帝的指引上船去，谁阻拦我也没有用。”

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“如果是这样，”桑乔说，“您又要弄出点儿我不知道是不是该称为胡说八道的东西了。不过我只好低头服从了，就像俗话说的，‘照主人的吩咐办，方能吃饱饭’。尽管如此，我还是于心不忍，想告诉您，我觉得这条船并不是遭受魔法的人的船，而是一条渔船。这条河里有世界上最好的鲱鱼。”

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桑乔边说边把驴和马拴在一起。把两头牲口撇下，让它们听天由命，桑乔心疼得很。唐吉诃德让桑乔不用担心，说那个要把他们送到千里迢迢之外的人会喂好这些牲口的。

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“我不懂‘千里条条’是什么意思，”桑乔说，“我从来没有听说过这个词。”

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“‘千里迢迢’就是遥远的意思，”唐吉诃德说，“你不懂，这不新鲜，你又没学过拉丁文，而且不像某些人那样，自以为懂，其实一无所知。”

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“牲口已经拴好了，”桑乔说，“现在该怎么办了？”

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“该怎么办？”唐吉诃德说，“画个十字起锚啊。我是说，上船去，砍断缆绳。”

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唐吉诃德说着一跃就跳上了小船，桑乔也跟着跳了上去，并且砍断了缆绳，小船慢慢离开了河岸。小船离河岸将近两西里远的时候，桑乔开始哆嗦，唯恐船会沉到河里去。不过，最让他难过的还是听见他的驴在叫，看见罗西南多正在拼命企图挣脱缰绳。于是，他对唐吉诃德说：

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“驴离开了咱们，难过得直叫唤，罗西南多也想挣脱出来，以便跟随咱们。最尊贵的朋友们，你们安静下来吧。疯癫把我们分开了，但愿随之而来的如梦初醒还会让我们回到你们身边！”

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说到这儿，桑乔竟痛心地哭起来。唐吉诃德又气又恼地说道：

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“你怕什么，胆小鬼？你哭什么，软骨头？谁打你了还是追你了，你这个耗子胆！难道你还缺什么吗？真是生在福中不知福。难道让你赤脚穿越里弗山①了？难道你不是像一位大公爵似的乘坐小船风平浪静地穿过这段迷人的河流，马上就要到达辽阔的大海了吗？咱们至少已经走出七八百里了。如果咱们这儿有仪器，可以量量北极的角度。那么我就可以告诉你，咱们已经走出多远了。虽然我懂得不多，我也可以说，咱们现在已经穿过或者很快就要穿过将南北极等距离平分的赤道线了。”

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①摩洛哥地名。

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“等咱们到达您说的那条赤道时，”桑乔问，“咱们就走出多远了？”

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“已经很远了，”唐吉诃德说，“因为据已知最伟大的宇宙学家托勒密的计算，地球连水带陆地共有三百六十度。只要咱们到了我说的那条线，咱们就已经走了一半。”

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“上帝保佑，”桑乔说，“您引证的是一位多么高级的人物呀！什么指甲和蒜，还加上什么蜜之类的，我真搞不清楚。”

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唐吉诃德听到桑乔把宇宙学家、计算和托勒密等都搞错了，忍不住大笑。他对桑乔说道：

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“你大概听说过，桑乔，西班牙人或者从加的斯上船去东印度群岛的人，要想知道自己是否已经过了我刚才对你说的那条赤道线，其中一个方法就是看船上所有人身上的虱子是否都死光了。船只要一过赤道线，你就是拿金子换，全船也找不出一个活虱子了。所以桑乔，你可以伸手往自己腿上摸一摸。如果摸到了活东西，咱们就算把这件事搞清楚了。如果没摸到活东西，就是已经过了赤道线。”

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“我才不信呢，”桑乔说，“不过即使这样，我还是按您说的去做，尽管我不知道有什么必要做这种试验。凭我自己的眼睛看，咱们离开岸边并不远，而且离拴牲口的地方也很近，罗西南多和驴仍在原地。这么一看，我敢发誓，咱们走得像蚂蚁一样慢。”

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“你就照我说的去做，桑乔，别的不用管。你不懂什么叫二分二至圈、经线、纬线、黄道带、黄道、极地、至日、二分点、行星、天体符号、方位、等量呀等等，这些东西构成了天体和地球。如果你懂得这些东西，或者只懂一部分，你就可以知道咱们现在处于什么纬线，现在是什么黄道带，咱们已经经过了什么星座，下面还要经过什么星座。我再说一遍，你往自己身上摸摸，我估计你现在肯定比白纸还干净。”

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桑乔用手去摸，逐渐摸到了左膝窝里。他抬起头，看着主人说道：

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“这个经验恐怕是假的，要不然就是离您说的那个地方还远着呢。”

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“怎么回事？”唐吉诃德问，“你摸到点什么？”

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“岂止是一点儿呢！”桑乔说。

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桑乔甩甩手指头，又把整只手放进河里洗。小船随着河流平稳地向前漂移，没有任何神秘的魔力或者隐蔽的魔法师暗中推动，只有轻柔的河流缓缓流淌。

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这时他们发现前面有几座高大的水磨房。唐吉诃德一看到水磨房就高声对桑乔说道：

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“你看到了吗，朋友？前面出现了一座城市、城堡或者要塞，那位受困的骑士或者落难的女王、公主或王妃，肯定就在那儿，我就是为了解救他们而被召唤到此的。”

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“您说什么见鬼的城市、城堡或要塞呀，大人？”桑乔说，“您没看清那只是磨小麦的水磨房吗？”

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“住嘴，桑乔，”唐吉诃德说，“即使它们像水磨房，也根本不是水磨房。我不是说过嘛，魔法可以使任何东西改变自己的本来面目。不是真把它们改变了，而是把它们变得看上去像某种东西，例如，我唯一的希望杜尔西内亚就被改变了模样。”

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他们说话时，小船已经进入河的主流，不像刚才走的那样缓慢了。磨房里的工人看见一条小船顺流而来，眼看就要撞进水轮，急忙拿起长竿子出来拦挡小船。他们的脸上和衣服上都是面粉，所以样子显得挺怪的。他们高声喊着：

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“活见鬼！你们往哪儿去？不想活了？你们想干什么？你们是不是想掉进河里淹死。再被打成碎片呀？”

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“我不是说过嘛，桑乔，”唐吉诃德说，“咱们已经到了可以让我大显身手的地方！你看，妖魔鬼怪已经出来了。跟咱们作对的妖怪可真不少，而且面目都那么丑恶……好吧，那就来吧，你们这群混蛋！”

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唐吉诃德从船上站起来，对磨房工人厉声喝道：

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“你们这群不知好歹的恶棍，赶紧把关在你们的要塞或牢狱里的人放出来，不管他们的身份是高是低，不管他们是什么人，我是曼查的唐吉诃德，又叫狮子骑士。我受上天之命，专程来解除这场危难。”

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说完他拔出剑向磨房工人们挥舞。磨房工人们听了唐吉诃德一通乱喊，并不明白他喊的是什么意思，只顾用长竿去拦小船。此时，小船眼看就要进入水轮下的急流了。

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桑乔跪了下来，诚心诚意地恳求老天把他从这场近在眼前的危难中解救出来。多亏磨房工人们手疾眼快，用长竿拦住了他们的船。船虽然被拦住了，可还是翻了个底朝天，唐吉诃德和桑乔都掉进水里。算唐吉诃德走运，他会游泳，但是身上的盔甲太重，拖累他两次沉到了河底。若不是磨房工人们跳进河里，把他们俩捞上来，情况就糟了。两人上了岸，浑身上下都湿透了，这回他们可不渴了。桑乔跪在地上，双手合拢，两眼朝天，虔诚地祈求了半天，祈求上帝保佑他从此摆脱主人的胡思乱想与胆大妄为。

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小船的主人是几位渔民，此时也到了，可是小船已经被水轮撞成了碎片。看到小船坏了，几位渔民开始动手剥桑乔的衣服，并且要唐吉诃德赔偿小船。唐吉诃德十分镇静和若无其事地对磨房工人和渔民说，只要他们放了关押在城堡里的那个人或那几个人，他可以高价赔偿小船。

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“什么人，什么城堡，”一个磨房工人说，“你有毛病呀？

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你难道想把到这儿来磨小麦的人都带走吗？”

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“够了！”唐吉诃德自言自语道，“看来，要说服这些强盗做件好事只不过是对牛弹琴。这回准是有两个本领高强的魔法师在较劲儿，一个想干，另一个就捣乱。一个让我上船，另一个就跟我对着干。上帝帮帮忙吧，这个世界到处都充满了尔虞我诈，我也没办法了。”

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唐吉诃德提高了嗓门，看着水磨房说道：

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“被关在里面的朋友们，无论你们是什么人，都请你们原谅我。由于我和你们的不幸，我现在无法把你们从苦难中解救出来。这项任务只好留给其他骑士去完成了。”

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然后，唐吉诃德同渔民们讲好，赔偿了五十雷阿尔的船钱。桑乔很不情愿地付了钱，然后说道：

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“再碰上两回这种乘船的事，咱们的钱就光了。”

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渔民和磨房工人见他们两人与众不同，又听不懂唐吉诃德那些话的意思，感到十分惊奇，觉得他们像是疯子，便离开了他们。磨房工人进了水磨房，渔民回到自己的茅屋去了。唐吉诃德和桑乔也回到了他们拴牲口的地方。唐吉诃德和桑乔的魔船奇遇到此结束。

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Cide Hamete, the chronicler of this great history, begins this chapter with these words, “I swear as a Catholic Christian;” with regard to which his translator says that Cide Hamete’s swearing as a Catholic Christian, he being — as no doubt he was — a Moor, only meant that, just as a Catholic Christian taking an oath swears, or ought to swear, what is true, and tell the truth in what he avers, so he was telling the truth, as much as if he swore as a Catholic Christian, in all he chose to write about Quixote, especially in declaring who Master Pedro was and what was the divining ape that astonished all the villages with his divinations. He says, then, that he who has read the First Part of this history will remember well enough the Gines de Pasamonte whom, with other galley slaves, Don Quixote set free in the Sierra Morena: a kindness for which he afterwards got poor thanks and worse payment from that evil-minded, ill-conditioned set. This Gines de Pasamonte — Don Ginesillo de Parapilla, Don Quixote called him — it was that stole Dapple from Sancho Panza; which, because by the fault of the printers neither the how nor the when was stated in the First Part, has been a puzzle to a good many people, who attribute to the bad memory of the author what was the error of the press. In fact, however, Gines stole him while Sancho Panza was asleep on his back, adopting the plan and device that Brunello had recourse to when he stole Sacripante’s horse from between his legs at the siege of Albracca; and, as has been told, Sancho afterwards recovered him. This Gines, then, afraid of being caught by the officers of justice, who were looking for him to punish him for his numberless rascalities and offences (which were so many and so great that he himself wrote a big book giving an account of them), resolved to shift his quarters into the kingdom of Aragon, and cover up his left eye, and take up the trade of a puppet-showman; for this, as well as juggling, he knew how to practise to perfection. From some released Christians returning from Barbary, it so happened, he bought the ape, which he taught to mount upon his shoulder on his making a certain sign, and to whisper, or seem to do so, in his ear. Thus prepared, before entering any village whither he was bound with his show and his ape, he used to inform himself at the nearest village, or from the most likely person he could find, as to what particular things had happened there, and to whom; and bearing them well in mind, the first thing be did was to exhibit his show, sometimes one story, sometimes another, but all lively, amusing, and familiar. As soon as the exhibition was over he brought forward the accomplishments of his ape, assuring the public that he divined all the past and the present, but as to the future he had no skill. For each question answered he asked two reals, and for some he made a reduction, just as he happened to feel the pulse of the questioners; and when now and then he came to houses where things that he knew of had happened to the people living there, even if they did not ask him a question, not caring to pay for it, he would make the sign to the ape and then declare that it had said so and so, which fitted the case exactly. In this way he acquired a prodigious name and all ran after him; on other occasions, being very crafty, he would answer in such a way that the answers suited the questions; and as no one cross-questioned him or pressed him to tell how his ape divined, he made fools of them all and filled his pouch. The instant he entered the inn he knew Don Quixote and Sancho, and with that knowledge it was easy for him to astonish them and all who were there; but it would have cost him dear had Don Quixote brought down his hand a little lower when he cut off King Marsilio’s head and destroyed all his horsemen, as related in the preceeding chapter.

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So much for Master Pedro and his ape; and now to return to Don Quixote of La Mancha. After he had left the inn he determined to visit, first of all, the banks of the Ebro and that neighbourhood, before entering the city of Saragossa, for the ample time there was still to spare before the jousts left him enough for all. With this object in view he followed the road and travelled along it for two days, without meeting any adventure worth committing to writing until on the third day, as he was ascending a hill, he heard a great noise of drums, trumpets, and musket-shots. At first he imagined some regiment of soldiers was passing that way, and to see them he spurred Rocinante and mounted the hill. On reaching the top he saw at the foot of it over two hundred men, as it seemed to him, armed with weapons of various sorts, lances, crossbows, partisans, halberds, and pikes, and a few muskets and a great many bucklers. He descended the slope and approached the band near enough to see distinctly the flags, make out the colours and distinguish the devices they bore, especially one on a standard or ensign of white satin, on which there was painted in a very life-like style an ass like a little sard, with its head up, its mouth open and its tongue out, as if it were in the act and attitude of braying; and round it were inscribed in large characters these two lines —

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They did not bray in vain,

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Our alcaldes twain.

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From this device Don Quixote concluded that these people must be from the braying town, and he said so to Sancho, explaining to him what was written on the standard. At the same time be observed that the man who had told them about the matter was wrong in saying that the two who brayed were regidors, for according to the lines of the standard they were alcaldes. To which Sancho replied, “Senor, there’s nothing to stick at in that, for maybe the regidors who brayed then came to he alcaldes of their town afterwards, and so they may go by both titles; moreover, it has nothing to do with the truth of the story whether the brayers were alcaldes or regidors, provided at any rate they did bray; for an alcalde is just as likely to bray as a regidor.” They perceived, in short, clearly that the town which had been twitted had turned out to do battle with some other that had jeered it more than was fair or neighbourly.

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Don Quixote proceeded to join them, not a little to Sancho’s uneasiness, for he never relished mixing himself up in expeditions of that sort. The members of the troop received him into the midst of them, taking him to he some one who was on their side. Don Quixote, putting up his visor, advanced with an easy bearing and demeanour to the standard with the ass, and all the chief men of the army gathered round him to look at him, staring at him with the usual amazement that everybody felt on seeing him for the first time. Don Quixote, seeing them examining him so attentively, and that none of them spoke to him or put any question to him, determined to take advantage of their silence; so, breaking his own, he lifted up his voice and said, “Worthy sirs, I entreat you as earnestly as I can not to interrupt an argument I wish to address to you, until you find it displeases or wearies you; and if that come to pass, on the slightest hint you give me I will put a seal upon my lips and a gag upon my tongue.”

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They all bade him say what he liked, for they would listen to him willingly.

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With this permission Don Quixote went on to say, “I, sirs, am a knight-errant whose calling is that of arms, and whose profession is to protect those who require protection, and give help to such as stand in need of it. Some days ago I became acquainted with your misfortune and the cause which impels you to take up arms again and again to revenge yourselves upon your enemies; and having many times thought over your business in my mind, I find that, according to the laws of combat, you are mistaken in holding yourselves insulted; for a private individual cannot insult an entire community; unless it be by defying it collectively as a traitor, because he cannot tell who in particular is guilty of the treason for which he defies it. Of this we have an example in Don Diego Ordonez de Lara, who defied the whole town of Zamora, because he did not know that Vellido Dolfos alone had committed the treachery of slaying his king; and therefore he defied them all, and the vengeance and the reply concerned all; though, to be sure, Senor Don Diego went rather too far, indeed very much beyond the limits of a defiance; for he had no occasion to defy the dead, or the waters, or the fishes, or those yet unborn, and all the rest of it as set forth; but let that pass, for when anger breaks out there’s no father, governor, or bridle to check the tongue. The case being, then, that no one person can insult a kingdom, province, city, state, or entire community, it is clear there is no reason for going out to avenge the defiance of such an insult, inasmuch as it is not one. A fine thing it would be if the people of the clock town were to be at loggerheads every moment with everyone who called them by that name, — or the Cazoleros, Berengeneros, Ballenatos, Jaboneros, or the bearers of all the other names and titles that are always in the mouth of the boys and common people! It would be a nice business indeed if all these illustrious cities were to take huff and revenge themselves and go about perpetually making trombones of their swords in every petty quarrel! No, no; God forbid! There are four things for which sensible men and well-ordered States ought to take up arms, draw their swords, and risk their persons, lives, and properties. The first is to defend the Catholic faith; the second, to defend one’s life, which is in accordance with natural and divine law; the third, in defence of one’s honour, family, and property; the fourth, in the service of one’s king in a just war; and if to these we choose to add a fifth (which may be included in the second), in defence of one’s country. To these five, as it were capital causes, there may be added some others that may be just and reasonable, and make it a duty to take up arms; but to take them up for trifles and things to laugh at and he amused by rather than offended, looks as though he who did so was altogether wanting in common sense. Moreover, to take an unjust revenge (and there cannot be any just one) is directly opposed to the sacred law that we acknowledge, wherein we are commanded to do good to our enemies and to love them that hate us; a command which, though it seems somewhat difficult to obey, is only so to those who have in them less of God than of the world, and more of the flesh than of the spirit; for Jesus Christ, God and true man, who never lied, and could not and cannot lie, said, as our law-giver, that his yoke was easy and his burden light; he would not, therefore, have laid any command upon us that it was impossible to obey. Thus, sirs, you are bound to keep quiet by human and divine law.”

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“The devil take me,” said Sancho to himself at this, “but this master of mine is a tologian; or, if not, faith, he’s as like one as one egg is like another.”

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Don Quixote stopped to take breath, and, observing that silence was still preserved, had a mind to continue his discourse, and would have done so had not Sancho interposed with his smartness; for he, seeing his master pause, took the lead, saying, “My lord Don Quixote of La Mancha, who once was called the Knight of the Rueful Countenance, but now is called the Knight of the Lions, is a gentleman of great discretion who knows Latin and his mother tongue like a bachelor, and in everything that he deals with or advises proceeds like a good soldier, and has all the laws and ordinances of what they call combat at his fingers’ ends; so you have nothing to do but to let yourselves be guided by what he says, and on my head be it if it is wrong. Besides which, you have been told that it is folly to take offence at merely hearing a bray. I remember when I was a boy I brayed as often as I had a fancy, without anyone hindering me, and so elegantly and naturally that when I brayed all the asses in the town would bray; but I was none the less for that the son of my parents who were greatly respected; and though I was envied because of the gift by more than one of the high and mighty ones of the town, I did not care two farthings for it; and that you may see I am telling the truth, wait a bit and listen, for this art, like swimming, once learnt is never forgotten;” and then, taking hold of his nose, he began to bray so vigorously that all the valleys around rang again.

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One of those, however, that stood near him, fancying he was mocking them, lifted up a long staff he had in his hand and smote him such a blow with it that Sancho dropped helpless to the ground. Don Quixote, seeing him so roughly handled, attacked the man who had struck him lance in hand, but so many thrust themselves between them that he could not avenge him. Far from it, finding a shower of stones rained upon him, and crossbows and muskets unnumbered levelled at him, he wheeled Rocinante round and, as fast as his best gallop could take him, fled from the midst of them, commending himself to God with all his heart to deliver him out of this peril, in dread every step of some ball coming in at his back and coming out at his breast, and every minute drawing his breath to see whether it had gone from him. The members of the band, however, were satisfied with seeing him take to flight, and did not fire on him. They put up Sancho, scarcely restored to his senses, on his ass, and let him go after his master; not that he was sufficiently in his wits to guide the beast, but Dapple followed the footsteps of Rocinante, from whom he could not remain a moment separated. Don Quixote having got some way off looked back, and seeing Sancho coming, waited for him, as he perceived that no one followed him. The men of the troop stood their ground till night, and as the enemy did not come out to battle, they returned to their town exulting; and had they been aware of the ancient custom of the Greeks, they would have erected a trophy on the spot.

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