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化工:化工原理与技术:
Chemical engineers are not really concerned with all these microscopic effects for their own sake, but want bulk results.
化学工程师们并不从探索微观效应本身去考虑问题,而是需要总体效应。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
However they need some understanding of what is occurring at a microscopic level
不过他们需要在一定的微观层次上了解所发生的现象
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
Because the rate at which the desired products are produced depends on both the rates of the chemical reactions involved, and any microscopic transportation effects to and from the reaction site.
因为目标产物的生成速率既取决于所发生的化学反应速率也取决于到达和离开反应活性点的微观传递效应。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
The transport effects can often be estimated by using standard principles. Unfortunately, not so with the chemical reaction rate. Current theory cannot adequately predict these, so they must be determined by experiments.
传递的影响常常可以使用标准的方法估算。遗憾的是,反应速率却不能这样。目前理论尚不能预测,而只有靠实验确定。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
This study of chemical reaction rates is called "chemical kinetics". Once the rate has been obtained, the full scale reactor can be designed.
对化学反应速率的研究称作"化学动力学"。一旦知道了反应速率,实际规模的反应器就可以设计出来了。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
The origins of chemical kinetics date back to the nineteenth century and Wilhelmy' s observations of reaction rates.
化学动力学数据研究的起源可以追溯到19世纪威海姆对反应速率的观察。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
Arrhenius later developed his theories about reactions, coining the famous equation: k = ae-E/RT which shows the temperature dependence of the rate constant.
后来阿累尼乌斯发展了化学反应理论,创立了有名的方程式:K=ae-E/RT这个方程表达了反应速率常数对温度的依赖关系。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
What do a landing plane, a baking cake, a cooling tower and sweetened tea have in common? They all involve a transfer of momentum, heat or mass.
一架着陆的飞机、一个正在烘烤之中的糕点、一座冷却塔和一杯加糖的茶,它们都有什么共同点?它们全都包含有动量、热量和质量传递。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
As a plane lands, it's momentum is transferred to the air around it, a baking cake has heat transferred to it by oven, sweetened tea contains sugar that has dissolved, which is mass transfer
当飞机着陆时,它的动量传递给它周围的空气,烘烤的糕点由烤炉把热量传给它;加糖的茶里糖已经溶化,这就是传质
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
In a cooling tower, all three effects occur as evaporation takes place and the moisture is carried up the tower.
在一个冷却塔里,当发生蒸发而且水分被带上塔顶时,所有这三个作用都出现了。
属类：化学及生命科学-化工-化工原理与技术
| 1 | 化学工程师们并不从探索微观效应本身去考虑问题,而是需要总体效应。 | Chemical engineers are not really concerned with all these microscopic effects for their own sake, but want bulk results. |
|
| 2 | 不过他们需要在一定的微观层次上了解所发生的现象 | However they need some understanding of what is occurring at a microscopic level |
|
| 3 | 因为目标产物的生成速率既取决于所发生的化学反应速率也取决于到达和离开反应活性点的微观传递效应。 | Because the rate at which the desired products are produced depends on both the rates of the chemical reactions involved, and any microscopic transportation effects to and from the reaction site. |
|
| 4 | 传递的影响常常可以使用标准的方法估算。遗憾的是,反应速率却不能这样。目前理论尚不能预测,而只有靠实验确定。 | The transport effects can often be estimated by using standard principles. Unfortunately, not so with the chemical reaction rate. Current theory cannot adequately predict these, so they must be determined by experiments. |
|
| 5 | 对化学反应速率的研究称作"化学动力学"。一旦知道了反应速率,实际规模的反应器就可以设计出来了。 | This study of chemical reaction rates is called "chemical kinetics". Once the rate has been obtained, the full scale reactor can be designed. |
|
| 6 | 化学动力学数据研究的起源可以追溯到19世纪威海姆对反应速率的观察。 | The origins of chemical kinetics date back to the nineteenth century and Wilhelmy' s observations of reaction rates. |
|
| 7 | 后来阿累尼乌斯发展了化学反应理论,创立了有名的方程式:K=ae-E/RT这个方程表达了反应速率常数对温度的依赖关系。 | Arrhenius later developed his theories about reactions, coining the famous equation: k = ae-E/RT which shows the temperature dependence of the rate constant. |
|
| 8 | 一架着陆的飞机、一个正在烘烤之中的糕点、一座冷却塔和一杯加糖的茶,它们都有什么共同点?它们全都包含有动量、热量和质量传递。 | What do a landing plane, a baking cake, a cooling tower and sweetened tea have in common? They all involve a transfer of momentum, heat or mass. |
|
| 9 | 当飞机着陆时,它的动量传递给它周围的空气,烘烤的糕点由烤炉把热量传给它;加糖的茶里糖已经溶化,这就是传质 | As a plane lands, it's momentum is transferred to the air around it, a baking cake has heat transferred to it by oven, sweetened tea contains sugar that has dissolved, which is mass transfer |
|
| 10 | 在一个冷却塔里,当发生蒸发而且水分被带上塔顶时,所有这三个作用都出现了。 | In a cooling tower, all three effects occur as evaporation takes place and the moisture is carried up the tower. |
|
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