Over the past decades, health care in China has witnessed a great success and the general situation is good.

几十年来,我国卫生事业取得了很大的成绩,医药卫生总体情况也是好的。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

However, we must realize that the current system of medical and health care is no longer in line with the development and requirements of the situation and hampers the reform of the medical insurance system for workers.

但是,现行的医药卫生体制已不能适应形势的发展和要求,也影响了职工医疗保险制度改革的推进。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

The existing problems are mainly as follows

存在的主要问题有

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Unreasonable distribution and structure of health resources.

卫生资源配置和结构不合理。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Medical resources in China are concentrated in large hospitals, which has resulted in the serious lack of health care resources for grassroots services.

我国医疗资源主要集中在大医院,基层服务的卫生资源严重不足.

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Low utilization ratio of health care resources.

卫生资源利用效率不高。

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The improper distribution of health care resources results in its low utilization and high costs for operation.

由于资源配置不合理,造成卫生资源利用率低,运行成本高。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Furthermore, the rapid increase of medical costs has doubtlessly restrained the demand for medical services.

加上医疗费用上涨过快,医疗服务需求受到明显抑制。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Statistics shows that in hospitals throughout the country, the daily average rate of outpatient visits and in-patient cares per doctor, as well as the bed utilization ratio are all on the decline.

据统计,全国医院医生的日均诊疗人次、日负担住院人次、病床使用率均呈下降趋势。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Excessive increase in medical costs.

医疗费用增长过快。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

From 1978 to 1997, medical expenditure for workers and employees throughout the country spiraled from RMB 2.7 billion to RMB 77.37 billion, an increase of 28 times.

1978年到1997年,全国职工医疗费用从27亿元增长到773-7亿元,增长28倍。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

For hospitals, the drug income amounted to more than half of the gross income, and in a few medium-and small-sized hospitals it ran as high as 70--80%.

在医院收入中,药费收入比重占医院毛收入的一半以上,少数中小医院高达70%一80%。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

The high-speed increase in medical costs brought heavy pressure and burdens to both employers and employees.

医疗费用增长过快给国家、用人单位和职工造成很大的压力和负担。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Poor management and operation in public medical institutions.

公立医疗机构在管理和运行上缺乏活力。

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Currently, most public hospitals are not yet corporate legal persons with self-controlling and self-stimulating mechanism.

目前,大多数公立医院还没有真正成为具有自我约束和自我激励机制的事业法人。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

They lack the initiative and consciousness to make timely adjustments to their operations in accordance with market and social demands, and the urge to provide quality service and participate in competition.

缺乏根据市场和社会需求调整供给的主动性和自觉性,争创优质服务、参与竞争的意识不足。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Some medical institutions are overstaffed and operating under low efficiency. Their medical and nursing staff are not sufficiently qualified and their management lags behind.

有的医疗机构医护人员素质不高,管理工作跟不上,人员多,效率低.

属类：口语表达-演讲-

Insufficient drug supervision and administration.

药品监管工作有待加强。

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Drug manufacturers and distributors are operating at a low standard, and their structure is not reasonable.

药品生产和流通企业存在水平低、结构不合理等问题。

属类：口语表达-演讲-

China has 6,000 drug manufacturing enterprises, 16,000 wholesale ones and 120,000 retail ones.

目前我国有药品生产企业6千多家,批发企业1万6千多家,零售企业12万多家。

属类：口语表达-演讲-